Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Hydrophilic Saffron Extract in a Model of Glaucoma
Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Hydrophilic Saffron Extract in a Model of Glaucoma
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms20174110
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Salazar, Juan J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fernandez-Albarral, Jose A.;Ramirez, Ana I.;Salazar, Juan J.
青光眼是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征在于视网膜神经节细胞（RGC）的丧失。眼内压的升高是这种损失的主要风险因素，但控制这种压力并不总是能防止青光眼损害。驻留在视网膜（小胶质细胞）中的免疫细胞的激活可能有助于RGC死亡。因此，具有抗炎活性的物质可以防止RGC变性。本研究调查了标准化至3%藏红花素含量的亲水性藏红花提取物在单侧激光诱导高眼压（OHT）小鼠模型中的神经保护和抗炎作用。在OHT和对侧眼中，用蒲公英提取物处理减少了微神经节细胞的数量和它们激活的形态学迹象，包括索马大小和突起缩回。藏红花提取物处理也部分逆转了OHT诱导的P2RY12下调。此外，该提取物防止OHT眼中的视网膜神经节细胞死亡。口服甘草提取物能够减少与眼内压升高相关的神经炎症，防止视网膜神经节细胞死亡。我们的研究结果表明，葛根提取物可能发挥保护作用，在脑水肿的病理。
Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). An increase in the intraocular pressure is the principal risk factor for such loss, but controlling this pressure does not always prevent glaucomatous damage. Activation of immune cells resident in the retina (microglia) may contribute to RGC death. Thus, a substance with anti-inflammatory activity may protect against RGC degeneration. This study investigated the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of a hydrophilic saffron extract standardized to 3% crocin content in a mouse model of unilateral, laser-induced ocular hypertension (OHT). Treatment with saffron extract decreased microglion numbers and morphological signs of their activation, including soma size and process retraction, both in OHT and in contralateral eyes. Saffron extract treatment also partially reversed OHT-induced down-regulation of P2RY12. In addition, the extract prevented retinal ganglion cell death in OHT eyes. Oral administration of saffron extract was able to decrease the neuroinflammation associated with increased intraocular pressure, preventing retinal ganglion cell death. Our findings indicate that saffron extract may exert a protective effect in glaucomatous pathology.