Epidemiologic considerations in studies of cognitive function in the elderly: methodology and nondementing acquired dysfunction.
Epidemiologic considerations in studies of cognitive function in the elderly: methodology and nondementing acquired dysfunction.
复制标题
老年人认知功能研究中的流行病学考虑因素：方法论和非痴呆性获得性功能障碍。
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036065
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发表时间：
1991
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Wallace,RB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colsher,PL;Wallace,RB
流行病学家正在越来越多地使用认知功能的测量，无论是在痴呆症的研究（1-6），以及更广泛的人群为基础的老年人的健康和功能的研究（7，8）。描述老年人群认知能力分布的重要性再次得到强调（9）。目前，一些基于人口的健康调查正在采用简单的认知表现测量方法（10-15），在少数情况下，这些人口的子样本已经接受了全面的测试（1）。新的测量工具已经激增，包括，最近，单项测试（16，17），计算机管理的测试（18），调查问卷（19，20），测试的基础上进行日常活动的能力（21），和复杂的多测试诊断电池（22，23）。然而，与此同时，目前使用的神经心理学测试方法也受到了有力的批评（24-28）。流行病学对人群的重视可以加强对认知功能的研究。对志愿者的小样本研究已经产生了关于认知功能的许多有价值的信息，但这些参与者可能不能代表整个老年人（29-31）。真正的规范性标准来自基于人口的研究，而不是基于高度选择的规范，
Epidemiologists are making increasing use of measures of cognitive function, both in studies of dementing illnesses (1-6) as well as broader population-based studies of the health and function of the elderly (7, 8). The importance of describing the distributions of cognitive performance in older populations has been reemphasized (9). Some current population-based health surveys are now employing simple measures of cognitive performance (10-15), and in a few instances, subsamples of these populations have received comprehensive testing (1). New measurement instruments have proliferated, including, recently, single-item tests (16, 17), computer-administered tests (18), informant questionnaires (19, 20), tests based on ability to perform everyday activities (21), and complex multitest diagnostic batteries (22, 23). At the same time, however, there has been cogent criticism of currently-used neuropsychologic testing methods (24-28). The population emphasis of epidemiology can enhance the study of cognitive function. Small sample studies of volunteers have yielded much valuable information about cognitive function, but these participants may not be representative of the elderly as a whole (29-31). True normative standards derived from population-based studies, rather than norms based on highly selected,