Preparedness against mobility disruption by floods
Preparedness against mobility disruption by floods
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.191
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发表时间：
2019-03-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Castelli, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arrighi, C.;Pregnolato, M.;Castelli, F.
民事应急人员目前可用于支持洪水事件规划的信息有限。新一代的工具正在出现，可以更详细地了解洪水对人们的影响和洪水期间的可达性。这些标准通常是孤立适用的，只能证明对影响的部分评估。本文结合洪水水力学、交通可达性和人身安全的分析，探讨洪水对行人和司机的影响，以及对应急路线和服务区的影响。当地民防局制定和使用的参考方案适用于佛罗伦萨（意大利）的Galluzzo。结果表明，37%的居民居住在道路附近，他们可以被冲走，78%的居民居住在停放的车辆可以被洪水冲走的地方。此外，在最糟糕的情况下，22.5%的道路延伸无法进入;所有医院、消防站和警察局都无法到达，这突出表明有必要从预计将导致大量洪水的事件一开始就采取预防行动。如果要成功地规划和实施城市环境中的应急行动，综合洪水影响的多个指标，特别是与人类安全最相关的指标，对民间应急人员至关重要。(C)2018作者由爱思唯尔公司出版
Civil responders currently have limited information available to them to support flood incident planning. A new generation of tools are emerging that produce more detailed understanding of flood impacts on people and accessibility during floods. These are typically applied in isolation, proving only a partial assessment of impacts. This paper integrates analysis of flood hydraulics, transport accessibility and human safety to explore the impact of flooding on pedestrians and drivers, and its implications on emergency routes and service areas. A reference scenario, developed and used by the local Civil Protection Agency, is applied to Galluzzo in Florence (Italy). Results shows that 37% of inhabitants live dose to roads where they can be swept away, and 78% live in locations where parked vehicles can be transported by floodwaters. Furthermore, at its worst 22.5% of road extension is inaccessible; and all hospitals, fire and police stations cannot be reached, highlighting the need to take preventative action from the outset of an event that is predicted to lead to substantial inundation. Integration of multiple indicators of flood impacts, especially those most relevant to human safety, is fundamental to civil responders if they are to successfully planning and implement emergency response operations in urban environments. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.