ATP consumption by mammalian rod photoreceptors in darkness and in light.
ATP consumption by mammalian rod photoreceptors in darkness and in light.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2008.10.029
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发表时间:
2008-12-23
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Fain GL
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Okawa H;Sampath AP;Laughlin SB;Fain GL
Why do vertebrates use rods and cones that hyperpolarize, when in insect eyes a single depolarizing photoreceptor can function at all light levels? We answer this question at least in part with a comprehensive assessment of ATP consumption for mammalian rods from voltages and currents and recently published physiological and biochemical data. In darkness, rods consume 108 ATP s−1, about the same as Drosophila photoreceptors. Ion fluxes associated with phototransduction and synaptic transmission dominate; as in CNS, the contribution of enzymes of the second-messenger cascade is surprisingly small. Suppression of rod responses in daylight closes light-gated channels and reduces total energy consumption by >75%, but in Drosophila light opens channels and increases consumption five-fold. Rods therefore provide an energy-efficient mechanism for high-sensitivity vision in dim light not present in rhabdomeric photoreceptors. Rods are metabolically less “costly” than cones, since cones do not saturate in bright light and use more ATP s−1 for transducin activation and rhodopsin phosphorylation. This helps to explain why the vertebrate retina is duplex, and why some diurnal animals like primates have a small number of cones, concentrated in a region of high acuity.
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影响因子:
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作者:
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通讯作者:
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DOI:
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发表时间:
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期刊:
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