Development of a Novel Filter Cartridge System with Electropositive Granule Media to Concentrate Viruses from Large Volumes of Natural Surface Water
Development of a Novel Filter Cartridge System with Electropositive Granule Media to Concentrate Viruses from Large Volumes of Natural Surface Water
复制标题
开发新型滤筒系统，采用正电颗粒介质从大量天然地表水中浓缩病毒
DOI：
10.1021/es501415m
复制
发表时间：
2014-06-17
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Li, Jun-Wen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jin, Min;Guo, Xuan;Li, Jun-Wen
暴露于环境饮用水中的各种传染性病毒可构成公共卫生风险。然而，由于其浓度低，很难检测水中的病毒。在这项研究中，我们已经开发了一种新的过滤器滤芯系统包含正电颗粒介质（EGM）。病毒存在于大量的环境样品吸附到EGM上，然后通过洗脱和聚（乙二醇）（PEG）的浓度回收。为了评估该系统的病毒回收效率，脊髓灰质炎病毒（PV-1），肠道病毒的替代品，被用来人工污染河水样品，然后通过定量实时PCR测定。为了优化浓缩程序，洗脱液类型、水流速和性质（例如，pH值、细菌和病毒载量）进行了评估。通过以300 mL/min的流速泵送河水，然后将3 L含有3x肉汤[1.5%（w/v）NaCl、3%（w/v）胰蛋白胨、1.5%（w/v）牛肉粉]和0.05 mol/L甘氨酸的洗脱液推过过滤器，获得最高的病毒回收率。采用该方法，PV-1从10 - 100 L的加标河水中的回收率高达99%。此外，该方法具有病毒载量和pH依赖性。在10（3.5）-10（5.5）TCID 50的上样量和5 - 7的pH范围内，病毒回收率最大。水中的细菌负荷对病毒恢复没有影响。不同类型的病毒和地表水进行了测试，以验证系统的适用性。结果表明，EGM滤芯能够从河流、湖泊和水库水中高效浓缩PV-1、人腺病毒（HAdV）和诺如病毒（HuNoV）。此外，它显示出比玻璃棉和1 MDS过滤器更有效的回收率。这些数据表明，该系统提供了快速和有效的病毒回收从大量的天然地表水，因此，可能是一个有用的工具，揭示地表水中的病毒的存在。
Exposure to various infectious viruses in environmental drinking water can constitute a public health risk. However, it is difficult to detect viruses in water due to their low concentration. In this study, we have developed a novel filter cartridge system containing electropositive granule media (EGM). Viruses present in large volumes of environmental samples were adsorbed onto the EGM, and then recovered by elution and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) concentration. To evaluate the system's efficiency in viral recovery, poliovirus (PV-1), a surrogate for enteric viruses, was used to artificially contaminate river water samples which were then assayed by quantitative real-time PCR. To optimize the concentration procedure, the eluent type, water flow rate and properties (e.g., pH, bacterial, and viral loads), were evaluated. The highest virus recovery was obtained by pumping river water at a flow rate of 300 mL/min and then pushing 3 L of an eluent containing 3x broth [1.5% (w/v) NaCl, 3% (w/v) tryptone, 1.5% (w/v) beef powder] with 0.05 mol/L glycine through the filter. Using this procedure, the recovery efficiencies of PV-1 from 10 to 100 L of spiked river water were up to 99%. In addition, this method is virus load and pH dependent. Virus recovery was maximal at a load of between 10(3.5) and 10(5.5) TCID50 and a pH ranging from 5 to 7. The bacterial load in the water has no effect on virus recovery. Different types of viruses and surface water were tested to validate the system's applicability. Results revealed that the EGM filter cartridge was able to concentrate PV-1, human adenoviruses (HAdVs) and noroviruses (HuNoVs) with high efficiency from river, lake, and reservoir water. Furthermore, it showed more efficient recovery than glass wool and 1MDS filters. These data suggest that this system provides rapid and efficient virus recovery from a large volume of natural surface water and, as such, could be a useful tool in revealing the presence of viruses in surface water.