Fast reaction of soluble surfactant can remobilize a stagnant cap

Fast reaction of soluble surfactant can remobilize a stagnant cap
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可溶性表面活性剂的快速反应可以重新激活停滞的盖子

DOI:
10.1017/jfm.2023.560
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Crowdy D
Crowdy D
中科院分区:
工程技术2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Crowdy D

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解析解的推导表明,一个停滞帽的表面活性剂在两个粘性流体之间的界面上所造成的线性拉伸流可以通过快速的动力学交换的表面活性剂与流体之一的再动员。在零毛细管数、零雷诺数和零体积Péclet数条件下,利用复变方程描述该多物理场问题,并假设线性状态方程,证明了在任意表面Péclet数条件下,系统服从强迫复Burgers方程.因此,这个非线性系统被证明是线性化使用一个复杂的模拟的科尔-霍普夫变换。稳定平衡的系统在任何有限值的表面Péclet数被发现明确的抛物柱面函数。虽然表面扩散,自然预期缓和与停滞帽和重新激活接口的急剧梯度,这项工作给出了一个分析演示的不太直观的结果,快速动力学交换具有类似的效果。事实上,这里的分析方法对表面Péclet数没有限制,它可以被认为是无限大的,因此表面扩散完全不存在。在数学上,溶液结构非常丰富,允许对这种极端情况进行理论研究,其中可以看出,与本体的快速表面活性剂交换可以单独地使停滞帽重新活动。值得注意的是,它也可以明确地跟踪系统的时间演化到这些重新动员的平衡点,通过寻找时间演化的精确解。
Analytical solutions are derived showing that a stagnant cap of surfactant at the interface between two viscous fluids caused by a linear extensional flow can be remobilized by fast kinetic exchange of surfactant with one of the fluids. Using a complex variable formulation of this multiphysics problem at zero capillary number, zero Reynolds number and zero bulk Péclet number, and assuming a linear equation of state, it is shown that the system is governed by a forced complex Burgers equation at arbitrary surface Péclet number. Consequently, this nonlinear system is shown to be linearizable using a complex analogue of the Cole–Hopf transformation. Steady equilibria of the system at any finite value of the surface Péclet number are found explicitly in terms of parabolic cylinder functions. While surface diffusion is naturally expected to mollify sharp gradients associated with stagnant caps and to remobilize the interface, this work gives an analytical demonstration of the less intuitive result that fast kinetic exchange has a similar effect. Indeed, the analytical approach here imposes no limit on the surface Péclet number, which can be taken to be infinitely large so that surface diffusion is completely absent. Mathematically, the solution structure is then very rich allowing a theoretical investigation of this extreme case where it is seen that fast surfactant exchange with the bulk can alone remobilize a stagnant cap. Remarkably, it is also possible to track explicitly the time evolution of the system to these remobilized equilibria by finding time-evolving exact solutions.
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发表时间: 1997
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