An ice-sheet scale comparison of eskers with modelled subglacial drainage routes

An ice-sheet scale comparison of eskers with modelled subglacial drainage routes
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Eskers 与模拟冰下排水路线的冰盖规模比较

DOI:
10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.06.016
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
3.9
通讯作者:
Livingstone S
Livingstone S
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Livingstone S

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Eskers记录了冰消期融水渠化排水的特征,为冰下排水的性质和演变提供了重要信息。在本文中,我们比较了空间格局的eskers下的前Laurentide冰盖与冰下排水路线诊断离散时间间隔的数值冰盖模型的结果。也许令人惊讶的是,我们表明,eskers主要发生在模拟冰下水流低的地区。Eskers和模拟的冰下排水路线被发现通常匹配的距离< 10公里,大多数Eskers显示出更好的协议接近冰缘之前的冰消。这支持了一种时间海侵的埃斯克尔模式,形成在短(< 10公里)段的导管靠近后退的冰缘,并可能与薄,停滞或缓慢的冰。埃斯克形成管道可能占主导地位的冰川上喂融水输入。我们还表明,模拟的冰下排水路线含有最大浓度的融水显示出密切的相关性与古冰流的位置。沿着这些古冰流和融水路线的陆地部分的埃斯克斯的缺乏可能是因为分布式排水系统的流行和快速流动的冰的高侵蚀潜力。
Eskers record the signature of channelised meltwater drainage during deglaciation providing vital information on the nature and evolution of subglacial drainage. In this paper, we compare the spatial pattern of eskers beneath the former Laurentide Ice Sheet with subglacial drainage routes diagnosed at discrete time intervals from the results of a numerical ice-sheet model. Perhaps surprisingly, we show that eskers predominantly occur in regions where modelled subglacial water flow is low. Eskers and modelled subglacial drainage routes were found to typically match over distances of < 10 km, and most eskers show a better agreement with the routes close to the ice margin just prior to deglaciation. This supports a time-transgressive esker pattern, with formation in short (< 10 km) segments of conduit close behind a retreating ice margin, and probably associated with thin, stagnant or sluggish ice. Esker-forming conduits were probably dominated by supraglacially fed meltwater inputs. We also show that modelled subglacial drainage routes containing the largest concentrations of meltwater show a close correlation with palaeo-ice stream locations. The paucity of eskers along the terrestrial portion of these palaeo-ice streams and meltwater routes is probably because of the prevalence of distributed drainage and the high erosion potential of fast-flowing ice.
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