Maintaining heterokaryosis in pseudo-homothallic fungi.
Maintaining heterokaryosis in pseudo-homothallic fungi.
复制标题
维持伪白色真菌中的杂减。
DOI：
10.4161/19420889.2014.994382
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发表时间：
2015-07
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Silar P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grognet P;Silar P
在真菌繁殖和繁殖的所有策略中，有些物种采取了一种称为假同宗配合的特殊行为。假同宗配合真菌是真正的异宗配合，即，它们需要2个遗传上相容的配偶来交配，但它们产生自繁菌丝体，其中存在携带相容交配类型的2个不同核。这种生活方式不仅使真菌能够在没有找到合适伴侣的情况下繁殖，而且还可以与它可能遇到的任何配偶杂交。然而，要完全发挥功能，假同宗配合需要在生命周期的每个阶段维持异核现象。我们最近发现，无论是交配型基因座的结构，也没有杂交增强效应，由于存在的2个交配型占维持的异核在伪同宗配合的真菌P.anserina。在本附录中，我们总结了产生异核现象的机制在P.anserina和其他两个著名的假同宗配合真菌，脉孢菌tetrasperma和双孢蘑菇。我们还讨论了可能参与维持这3种异核现象的机制。
Among all the strategies displayed by fungi to reproduce and propagate, some species have adopted a peculiar behavior called pseudo-homothallism. Pseudo-homothallic fungi are true heterothallics, i.e., they need 2 genetically-compatible partners to mate, but they produce self-fertile mycelium in which the 2 different nuclei carrying the compatible mating types are present. This lifestyle not only enables the fungus to reproduce without finding a compatible partner, but also to cross with any mate it may encounter. However, to be fully functional, pseudo-homothallism requires maintaining heterokaryosis at every stage of the life cycle. We recently showed that neither the structure of the mating-type locus nor hybrid-enhancing effect due to the presence of the 2 mating types accounts for the maintenance of heterokaryosis in the pseudo-homothallic fungus P. anserina. In this addendum, we summarize the mechanisms creating heterokaryosis in P. anserina and 2 other well-known pseudo-homothallic fungi, Neurospora tetrasperma and Agaricus bisporus. We also discuss mechanisms potentially involved in maintaining heterokaryosis in these 3 species.