Crew roles and operational protocols for rotary-wing micro-UAVs in close urban environments
Crew roles and operational protocols for rotary-wing micro-UAVs in close urban environments
复制标题
封闭城市环境中旋翼微型无人机的机组人员角色和操作协议
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Burke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Murphy;Kevin S. Pratt;J. Burke
基于对遥控旋翼微型飞行器(MAV)在飓风卡特里娜和威尔玛的响应和恢复阶段用于结构检查的累积描述性现场研究，推荐了一种船员组织和四步作战方案。在实际操作环境中使用MAV执行真正的民用任务，为考虑人与机器人的互动提供了一个独特的机会。对8天、14次任务和38次飞行中人-机器人交互的分析发现，目前需要一个三人机组来执行不同的角色：飞行员、任务专家和飞行总监。一般操作程序是出于旁观者、其他飞机、战术团队和MAV本身的安全需要，这导致执行任务的任务是一系列短程视距飞行，而不是单一飞行。安全方面的顾虑可能会限制自主在减少机组人员规模或实现视距以外行动方面的效用，但自主可能会导致每次飞行任务的飞行次数增加和飞行员培训需求减少。希望本文能为未来的HRI和MAV自主性研究奠定基础，并有助于建立民用行动的法规和采购指南。在自主性、接口、注意力和环外(OOTL)控制方面的其他研究是必要的。
A crew organization and four-step operational protocol is recommended based on a cumulative descriptive field study of teleoperated rotary-wing micro air vehicles (MAV) used for structural inspection during the response and recovery phases of Hurricanes Katrina and Wilma. The use of MAVs for real civilian missions in real operating environments provides a unique opportunity to consider human-robot interaction. The analysis of the human-robot interaction during 8 days, 14 missions, and 38 flights finds that a three person crew is currently needed to perform distinct roles: Pilot, Mission Specialist, and Flight Director. The general operations procedure is driven by the need for safety of bystanders, other aircraft, the tactical team, and the MAV itself, which leads to missions being executed as a series of short, line-of-sight flights rather than a single flight. Safety concerns may limit the utility of autonomy in reducing the crew size or enabling beyond line-of-sight-operations but autonomy could lead to an increase in flights per mission and reduced Pilot training demands. This paper is expected to contribute to set a foundation for future research in HRI and MAV autonomy and to help establish regulations and acquisition guidelines for civilian operations. Additional research in autonomy, interfaces, attention, and out-of-the-loop (OOTL) control is warranted.