Loss of γδ T Cells Results in Hair Cycling Defects.
Loss of γδ T Cells Results in Hair Cycling Defects.
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γδ T 细胞的损失会导致毛发循环缺陷。
DOI：
10.1038/jid.2013.17
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Paus R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kloepper JE;Kawai K;Bertolini M;Kanekura T;Paus R.
哺乳动物上皮组织中的 T 淋巴细胞主要表达 γδ T 细胞受体 (TCR)（人类除外），并通过监测上皮应激来维持组织完整性（Bonneville 等，2010；Girardi，2006；Havran 和 Jameson，2010；Macleod 和 Havran，2011；以及补充参考文献 s2；s5；s7；s22； s24）。树突状表皮 T 细胞 (DETC) 是驻留在小鼠皮肤中的原型上皮 γδ T 细胞，表达规范的 Vγ3Vδ1（替代命名法 Vγ5Vδ1）TCR（Girardi，2006；Havran 和 Jameson，2010；Macleod 和 Havran，2011；s5；s7）。在识别出受应激的邻近角质形成细胞后，DETC 会分泌生长因子、细胞因子、趋化因子，并在表皮稳态、炎症、肿瘤监测、全身 IgE 反应和伤口愈合中发挥关键作用（Macleod 和 Havran，2011；s5；s7；s23）。它们在伤口愈合中的公认作用提出了一个问题，DETC 是否也参与了 成年哺乳动物皮肤毛囊（HF）生长的调节，因为 HF 的循环生长和消退活性与伤口愈合显示出多重交叉联系：HF 参与终生、循环器官再生（Schneider 等，2009），当所有 HF 处于毛发周期（HC）的生长阶段时，伤口愈合会加速（Ansell 等，2010），并且 高频损伤（脱毛）最有效地诱导高频循环（Paus 等，1994）。此外，HF 衍生的干细胞可以促进表皮再生，而皮肤受伤可以诱导 HF 新生（Ito 和 Cotsarelis，2008；s10；s13；s14）。此外，DETC 分泌的生长因子，如 FGF7 和 IGF1（Macleod 和 Havran，2011；s11；s22）被认为是主要的毛发生长调节剂（Schneider 等，2009；s20；s21）。最后，小鼠 HF 上皮中 DETC 的数量在创伤诱导的毛发生长初期发育过程中显着波动（Paus 等，1994）。然而，滤泡内 γδ T 细胞数量这种 HC 依赖性的原因仍不清楚，并且 γδ T 细胞在 HF 循环中的功能作用以前尚未研究过。
T lymphocytes residing in mammalian epithelial tissues mainly express the γδ T-cell receptor (TCR)(except in man) and maintain tissue integrity by monitoring epithelial stress (Bonneville et al., 2010; Girardi, 2006; Havran and Jameson, 2010; Macleod and Havran, 2011; and supplementary references s2; s5; s7; s22; s24). Dendritic epidermal T-cells (DETCs) are prototypic epithelial γδ T-cells that reside in murine skin and express a canonical Vγ3Vδ1 (alternate nomenclature Vγ5Vδ1) TCR (Girardi, 2006; Havran and Jameson, 2010; Macleod and Havran, 2011; s5; s7). Upon recognition of stressed, neighboring keratinocytes, DETCs secrete growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and play key roles in epidermal homeostasis, inflammation, tumor surveillance, systemic IgE response, and wound-healing (Macleod and Havran, 2011; s5; s7; s23).Their recognized role in wound-healing raises the question whether DETCs are also involved in regulation of the growth of hair follicles (HFs) in adult mammalian skin, since the cyclic growth and regression activity of HFs shows multiple cross-connections to wound-healing: HFs engage in life-long, cyclic organ regeneration (Schneider et al., 2009), wound-healing is accelerated when all HFs are in the growth stage of the hair cycle (HC)(Ansell et al., 2010), and HF cycling is most effectively induced by HF wounding (depilation)(Paus et al., 1994). Moreover, HF-derived stem cells can contribute to epidermal regeneration while skin wounding can induce HF neogenesis (Ito and Cotsarelis, 2008; s10; s13; s14). Also, growth factors secreted by DETCs, such as FGF7 and IGF1 (Macleod and Havran, 2011; s11; s22) are recognized as major hair growth regulators (Schneider et al., 2009; s20; s21). Finally, the number of DETCs in the epithelium of murine HFs fluctuates significantly during woundinginduced anagen development (Paus et al., 1994). However, the reason for this HC-dependence of intrafollicular γδ T-cell numbers remains obscure, and the functional role of γδ T-cells in HF cycling has not been studied before.