Cardiovascular Responses during Free-Diving in the Sea
Cardiovascular Responses during Free-Diving in the Sea
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DOI：
10.1055/s-0034-1389969
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Tocco, F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Marongiu, E.;Crisafulli, A.;Tocco, F.
在海中自由潜水期间从未评估过心输出量。因此，关于人类在这种情况下潜水反应的知识很少。 7 名潜水员进行了 3 次浸泡：深度分别为 10 m、20 m 和 30 m。每次测试包括 3 个呼吸暂停阶段：下降、静态和上升。阻抗心动图提供每搏输出量、心率和心输出量的数据。还收集了平均血压、动脉O-2 饱和度和血乳酸值。从 4.5 +/- 1.6 L.min(-1) 的静息值开始，下降过程中 10 m 时的心输出量增加至 7.1 +/- 2.2 L.min(-1) (p < 0.01)，而静态和上升阶段的情况保持不变。 20 m 时，上升和下降期间的心输出量值分别为 7.3 +/- 2.4 L.min(-1) 和 6.7 +/- 1. 2 L.min(-1) (p < 0.01)，静态阶段的心输出量值分别为 4.3 +/- 0.9 L.min(-1)。 30 m 时，下降和上升期间心输出量值分别为 6.5 +/- 1.8 L.min(-1) 和 7.5 +/- 2 L.min(-1) (p < 0.01)，静态阶段为 4.7 +/- 2.1 L.min(-1)。动脉 O-2 饱和度随着潜水深度的增加而降低，从 30 m 深度浮出后达到 91.1 +/- 3.4 %（p < 0.001 与休息相比）。 30 m 潜水结束时，血乳酸值增加至 4.1 +/- 1.2 mmol.L-1（与休息时相比，p < 0.001）。结果似乎表明，同时激活运动和潜水反应可能会导致心输出量的减少，从而达到保氧效果。
Cardiac output has never been assessed during free-diving diving in the sea. Knowledge of human diving response in this setting is therefore scarce. 3 immersions were performed by 7 divers: at depths of 10 m, 20 m and 30 m. Each test consisted of 3 apnea phases: descent, static and ascent. An impedance cardiograph provided data on stroke volume, heart rate and cardiac output. Mean blood pressure, arterial O-2 saturation and blood lactate values were also collected. Starting from a resting value of 4.5 +/- 1.6 L.min(-1), cardiac output at 10 m showed an increase up to 7.1 +/- 2.2 L.min(-1) (p < 0.01) during the descent, while conditions during the static and ascent phases remained unchanged. At 20 m cardiac output values were 7.3 +/- 2.4 L.min(-1) and 6.7 +/- 1. 2 L.min(-1) during ascent and descent, respectively (p < 0.01), and 4.3 +/- 0.9 L.min(-1) during static phase. At 30 m cardiac output values were 6.5 +/- 1.8 L.min(-1) and 7.5 +/- 2 L.min(-1) during descent and ascent, respectively (p < 0.01), and 4.7 +/- 2.1 L.min(-1) during static phase. Arterial O-2 saturation decreased with increasing dive depth, reaching 91.1 +/- 3.4 % (p < 0.001 vs. rest) upon emergence from a depth of 30 m. Blood lactate values increased to 4.1 +/- 1.2 mmol.L-1 at the end of the 30 m dive (p < 0.001 vs. rest). Results seem to suggest that simultaneous activation of exercise and diving response could lead to an absence of cardiac output reduction aimed at an oxygen-conserving effect.