Relative contributions of tropospheric and stratospheric sources to nitrate in Antarctic snow
Relative contributions of tropospheric and stratospheric sources to nitrate in Antarctic snow
复制标题
DOI：
10.3402/tellusb.v38i3-4.15132
复制
发表时间：
1986-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Legrand;R. Delmas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Legrand;R. Delmas
本文报告了在南极冰盖不同地点采集的近500个雪样品的硝酸盐含量。还对所有主要离子，特别是质子进行了额外的化学测量，以便现在可以得出关于南极硝酸盐最可能的形式和来源的新结论。结果表明，硝酸盐沉积为气态HNO 3和对流层源占主导地位，在这个偏远地区。大陆和人为硝酸盐不是重要的贡献者。建议热带和/或中纬度的闪电是南极硝酸盐最可能的来源。HNO 3（或其前体）在平流层中的形成进行了讨论，并在几个配置文件中仔细研究了这种贡献的可能证据。太阳因素和雪中硝酸盐浓度之间缺乏令人信服的相关性，这证实了过去的太阳活动波动无法从极地冰芯中重建。然而，在这项研究中观察到的空间和时间变化并没有得到充分的解释。最后，重点放在进行硝酸在南极大气中的测量，以阐明大气化学的这一主要组成部分的沉积机制的必要性。DOI：10.1111/j.1600-0889.1986.tb00190.x
The nitrate contents of nearly 500 firn samples collected at various sites on the Antarctic ice sheet are reported. Additional chemical measurements of all major ions, in particular protons, have also been performed so that new conclusions regarding the most probable form and origin of nitrate in the Antarctic can now be drawn. It is shown that nitrate is deposited as gaseous HNO 3 and that tropospheric sources dominate in this remote region. Continental and anthropogenic nitrates are not significant contributors. It is suggested that lightning at tropical and/or mid latitudes is the most likely source of Antarctic nitrate. The formation of HNO 3 (or its precursors) in the stratosphere is discussed and the possible evidence for this contribution in several profiles is carefully investigated. The absence of a convincing correlation between solar factors and nitrate concentrations in snow confirms that past solar activity fluctuations cannot be reconstructed from polar ice cores. The spatial and temporal variations observed in this study are, however, not fully explained. Finally, emphasis is placed on the necessity of undertaking HNO 3 measurements in the Antarctic atmosphere in order to elucidate the deposition mechanism of this major component of atmospheric chemistry. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0889.1986.tb00190.x