The Influence of Delays in Real-Time Causal Learning~!2009-10-01~!2010-01-07~!2010-07-13~!
The Influence of Delays in Real-Time Causal Learning~!2009-10-01~!2010-01-07~!2010-07-13~!
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实时因果学习延迟的影响~!2009-10-01~!2010-01-07~!2010-07-13~!
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Speekenbrink
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Lagnado;M. Speekenbrink
时间和因果关系的密切关系是无可争议的，但人们如何利用时间信息来进行因果判断的研究却很少。实验1考察了延迟变异性对因果判断的影响，以及参与者是否对在不改变偶然性的情况下减少因果之间延迟的加速线索敏感。结果显示，具有较少可变延迟的因果关系组获得了较高的因果评分，但具有积极加速者的情况实际上降低了参与者对因果线索的评分。后一项发现也可以用人们对变化的敏感性来解释，因为未被发现的加速会导致经历延迟的更大变化。实验二跟进了之前的研究，表明人们对延迟较短的因果关系给出了更高的因果评级。我们研究了这一发现是否可能是由于干预事件的可能性更大，而不是延迟本身的长度。结果支持了前一种猜想：参与者的因果评级受到因果间隔中干预事件的概率的影响，而不仅仅是延迟的长度。两个实验的发现都对目前的理论提出了质疑
The close relation between time and causality is undisputed, but there is a paucity of research on how people use temporal information to inform their causal judgments. Experiment 1 examined the effect of delay variability on causal judgments, and whether participants were sensitive to the presence of a hastener cue that reduced the delay between cause and effect without changing the contingency. The results showed that higher causal ratings were given to causeeffect pairs with less variable delays, but that conditions with an active hastener actually reduced participants’ ratings of the causal cues. The latter finding can also be explained in terms of people’s sensitivity to variability, because an undetected hastener leads to greater variability in experienced delays. Experiment 2 followed up previous research showing that people give higher causal ratings to cause-effect pairs with shorter delays. We examined whether this finding might be due to the greater probability of intervening events rather than the length of delay per se. The results supported the former conjecture: participants’ causal ratings were influenced by the probability of intervening events in the cause-effect interval and not the mere length of delay. The findings from both experiments raise questions for current theories of
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Gopnik, A;Glymour, C;Danks, D
通讯作者：
Danks, D