Executive functioning in a racially diverse sample of children who are overweight and at risk for eating disorders
Executive functioning in a racially diverse sample of children who are overweight and at risk for eating disorders
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.010
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Hunter, Scott J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goldschmidt, Andrea B.;O'Brien, Setareh;Hunter, Scott J.
执行功能的困难可能是整个年龄范围内超重和饮食失控的基础，但对这两种情况的儿童的研究相对较少。本研究的目的是描述与超重和正常体重的同龄人相比，超重和暴食儿童的一般执行功能。参与者为75名种族多样的儿童（58.7%为女性; 81.3%为非洲裔美国人），年龄为9- 12岁（M年龄= 10.5 +/- 1.1），其中26名超重/肥胖并支持节食（OW-CON），34名超重对照（OW-CON），15名正常体重对照（NW-CON）。所有的孩子都完成了基于访谈的饮食病理学测量和执行功能的行为测量。父母报告了儿童执行功能的行为方面。使用协方差分析（ANCOVA）和多变量协方差分析（MANCOVA）对父母报告的测量和行为任务进行比较，并对一般智力功能进行调整。在计划的行为测量，伦敦任务[F（5，65）= 3.52; p = 0.007]和工作记忆的行为测量，列表排序任务[F（2，71）= 6.45; p = 0.003]上显示出显著的组间差异。事后测试表明，OW-ESTA和OW-CON表现不如NW-CON的伦敦塔，与相对递减的准确性，而不是性能时间。此外，在列表排序任务中，OW-CON的表现比OW-CON和NW-CON都差。儿童超重伴或不伴暴食可能是执行功能障碍的一种独特模式。对青少年饮食和体重相关问题的干预应解决计划和工作记忆的潜在缺陷。(C)2017爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Difficulties with executive functioning may underlie both overweight and loss of control (LOC) eating behavior across the age spectrum, but there is a relative paucity of research in children with both conditions. This study aimed to characterize general executive functioning among children with overweight and LOC eating as compared to their overweight and normal-weight peers. Participants were 75 racially diverse children (58.7% female; 81.3% African-American), aged 9-12y (M age = 10.5 +/- 1.1), of whom 26 were overweight/obese and endorsed LOC eating (OW-LOC), 34 were overweight controls (OW-CON), and 15 were normal-weight controls (NW-CON). All children completed interview-based measures of eating pathology, and behavioral measures of executive functioning. Parents reported on behavioral facets of children's executive functioning. Groups were compared across parent-report measures and behavioral tasks using analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) and multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVAs) which adjusted for general intellectual functioning. Significant group differences were revealed on a behavioral measure of planning, the Tower of London task [F (5,65) = 3.52; p = 0.007], and a behavioral measure of working memory, the List Sorting task [F (2,71) = 6.45; p = 0.003]. Post-hoc tests revealed that OW-LOC and OW-CON performed worse than NW-CON on the Tower of London, with relative decrements in accuracy rather than performance time. Further, OW-LOC performed worse than both OW-CON and NW-CON on the List Sorting task. Overweight with or without concomitant LOC eating in children may characterize a unique pattern of executive dysfunction. Interventions for eating- and weight-related problems in youth should address underlying deficits in planning and working memory. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.