Expression of the vesicular glutamate transporters during development indicates the widespread corelease of multiple neurotransmitters
Expression of the vesicular glutamate transporters during development indicates the widespread corelease of multiple neurotransmitters
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.20354
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发表时间：
2004-12-13
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Chaudhry, FA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boulland, JL;Qureshi, T;Chaudhry, FA
三种密切相关的蛋白质将谷氨酸转运到突触小泡中，以便通过胞吐作用释放。据报道，在谷氨酸能终末中，VGLUT1和VGLUT2存在互补的表达模式。VGLUT3在许多不被认为是谷氨酸能的细胞中也有表达。在此我们描述了发育过程中VGLUT表达的变化。VGLUT1的表达在出生后逐渐增加，并最终在端脑区域超过其他异构体。VGLUT2在出生后不久高水平表达，在多个区域随年龄增长而下降，在小脑中下降了14倍。相反，这两种异构体在发育过程中会短暂共表达，在成年动物的一部分谷氨酸能终末中也会永久共表达。VGLUT3在一些特定的神经元群体中高水平短暂表达，包括小脑核的终末、皮层中分散的神经元以及祖细胞样细胞，这表明胞吐性谷氨酸释放参与形态发生和发育。在发育过程中，VGLUT3还广泛与神经元囊泡单胺转运体VMAT2、囊泡乙酰胆碱转运体VAChT以及囊泡γ - 氨基丁酸转运体VGAT共定位。这种共表达尤其发生在一些特定的发育阶段，且局限于某些细胞群。在骨骼肌中，VGLUT3定位于轴突终末的颗粒状细胞器以及肌质中。这些结果提示了调节性递质释放的新机制和作用。（C）2004威利 - 利斯公司
Three closely related proteins transport glutamate into synaptic vesicles for release by exocytosis. Complementary patterns of expression in glutamatergic terminals have been reported for VGLUT1 and VGLUT2. VGLUT3 shows expression by many cells not considered to be glutamatergic. Here we describe the changes in VGLUT expression that occur during development. VGLUT1 expression increases gradually after birth and eventually predominates over the other isoforms in telencephalic regions. Expressed at high levels shortly after birth, VGLUT2 declines with age in multiple regions, in the cerebellum by 14-fold. In contrast, Coexpression of the two isoforms occurs transiently during development as well as permanently in a restricted subset of glutamatergic terminals in the adult. VGLUT3 is transiently expressed at high levels by select neuronal populations, including terminals in the cerebellar nuclei, scattered neurons in the cortex, and progenitor-like cells, implicating exocytotic glutamate release in morphogenesis and development. VGLUT3 also colocalizes extensively during development with the neuronal vesicular monoamine transporter VMAT2, with the vesicular acetylcholine transporter VAChT, and with the vesicular gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter VGAT. Such coexpression occurs particularly at some specific developmental stages and is restricted to certain sets of cells. In skeletal muscle, VGLUT3 localizes to granular organelles in the axon terminal as well as in the muscle sarcoplasm. The results suggest novel mechanisms and roles for regulated transmitter release. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.