Information-processing deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenia.
Information-processing deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenia.
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DOI：
10.1176/ajp.151.3.363
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发表时间：
1994-03
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
W. Perry;D. Braff
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Perry;D. Braff
目的：本研究的目的是研究精神分裂症患者信息处理缺陷与思维障碍之间的关系。方法：对 52 名被诊断患有精神分裂症的受试者进行信息处理和思维障碍测试。信息处理测试包括视觉后向掩蔽和惊吓反射的前脉冲抑制。思维障碍通过神奇意念量表、阳性症状评估量表、阴性症状评估量表的失语子量表以及自我受损指数-人类经验变量及其源自罗夏墨迹的子成分进行测量。结果：自我受损指数-人类经验变量的不良反应升高与信息处理缺陷显着相关。在同时多元回归中，听觉前脉冲抑制测量是自我受损指数-人类经验变量反应不佳的最佳预测指标。结论：结果表明信息处理缺陷和思维障碍之间存在相关关系。当使用高度敏感的信息处理和思维障碍测量方法时，这种关系最为明显。此外，通过听觉前脉冲抑制来预测自我损伤指数-人类经验变量的不良反应很重要，因为前脉冲抑制的神经回路是已知的并且涉及皮质-纹状体-苍白球-丘脑回路的调节影响。这些发现支持了这样的假设：信息处理失败与认知碎片和思维障碍有关。更具推测性的是，这些结果使我们能够假设皮质-纹状体-苍白球-丘脑回路的部分损伤可能导致思维障碍以及前脉冲抑制缺陷。
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this investigation was to study the relationship between information-processing deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenic patients. METHOD: Fifty-two subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia were administered tests of information processing and thought disorder. The information-processing tests included visual backward masking and prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex. Thought disorder was measured with the Magical Ideation Scale, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the alogia subscale of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, and the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable and its subcomponents derived from the Rorschach. RESULTS: Elevated poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable were significantly correlated with information-processing deficits. In a simultaneous multiple regression, the auditory prepulse inhibition measure was the best predictor of poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest a correlative relationship between information-processing deficits and thought disorder. The relationship is most apparent when highly sensitive measures of both information processing and thought disorder are used. Furthermore, the prediction of poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable by auditory prepulse inhibition is important, since the neural circuitry of prepulse inhibition is known and involves the modulatory influences of the cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that information-processing failures are associated with cognitive fragmentation and thought disorder. More speculatively, these results allow us to hypothesize that impairments in part of the cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit may lead to thought disorder, as well as prepulse inhibition deficits.