European framework for tuberculosis control and elimination in countries with a low incidence - Recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV) working group
European framework for tuberculosis control and elimination in countries with a low incidence - Recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV) working group
复制标题
DOI：
10.1183/09031936.02.00261402
复制
发表时间：
2002-04-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
Raviglione, MC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Broekmans, JF;Migliori, GB;Raviglione, MC
随着各国接近消灭结核病的阶段，出现了具体的问题和挑战，原因是土著人口的发病率稳步下降，潜伏性结核病感染和其他国家的结核病输入的重要性逐渐增加，以及出现了结核病风险特别高的群体。国际结核病和肺病防治联合会（IUATLD）和荷兰皇家结核病协会（KNCV）基于与WHO/IUATLD工作组先前建议一致的概念和定义，为低发病率国家制定了新的框架。在低发病率国家，有更广泛的干预措施可供采用，而且是可行的，其中包括：（1）对结核病采取一般性做法，确保迅速发现和治疗所有病例，并防止不必要的死亡; 2）总体控制策略，旨在减少结核病感染的发病率（风险群体管理和预防机构环境中的感染传播）和（3）旨在降低结核病感染流行率的结核病消除战略政府和私营部门致力于消除结核病，在有症状的个人中有效发现病例，同时在特殊群体中积极发现病例，对疾病和感染进行标准治疗，提供结核病诊断和治疗服务，预防（例如通过筛查和特定群体的卡介苗免疫接种）、监测和治疗结果监测是执行这一新框架文件中建议的一揽子政策的先决条件。
As countries approach the elimination phase of tuberculosis, specific problems and challenges emerge, due to the steadily declining incidence in the native population, the gradually increasing importance of the importation of latent tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis from other countries and the emergence of groups at particularly high risk of tuberculosis.Therefore, a Working Group of the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) and the Royal Netherlands Tuberculosis Association (KNCV) have developed a new framework for low incidence countries based on concepts and definitions consistent with those of previous recommendations from WHO/IUATLD Working Groups.In low-incidence countries, a broader spectrum of interventions is available and feasible, including: 1) a general approach to tuberculosis which ensures rapid detection and treatment of all the cases and prevention of unnecessary deaths; 2) an overall control strategy, aimed at reducing the incidence of tuberculosis infection (risk-group management and prevention of transmission of infection in institutional settings) and 3) a tuberculosis elimination strategy aimed at reducing the prevalence of tuberculosis infection (outbreak management and provision of preventive therapy for specified groups and individuals).Government and private sector commitment towards elimination, effective case detection among symptomatic individuals together with active case finding in special groups, standard treatment of disease and infection, access to tuberculosis diagnostic and treatment services, prevention (e.g. through screening and bacille Calmette-Gueria immunization in specified groups), surveillance and treatment outcome monitoring are prerequisites to implementing the policy package recommended in this new framework document.