Factors affecting incorrect paternity assignment in the Israeli Holstein population
Factors affecting incorrect paternity assignment in the Israeli Holstein population
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DOI：
10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(04)73389-5
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发表时间：
2004-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Ron, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Weller, JI;Feldmesser, E;Ron, M
来自 181 个基布兹牛群的总共 6040 头以色列荷斯坦奶牛被列为 11 头公牛的后代，并进行了 104 个微卫星的基因分型。由于错误基因型频率 >1%，删除了 17 个标记，留下 160,470 个有效基因型。推定的父亲和女儿之间至少有 2 个标记存在冲突，并且每头牛基因分型的标记至少有 10% 存在冲突，才能拒绝亲子鉴定。不符合亲子鉴定或拒绝要求的奶牛被从进一步分析中删除。拒绝亲子鉴定的频率为 11.7%。使用线性和非线性模型分析了记录的父亲、出生年份、地理区域、牛群和授精者对亲子鉴定拒绝频率的影响。在所有包含这些影响的测试模型中，只有授精者和记录的父亲的影响是显着的。亲子鉴定记录不正确的主要原因似乎是授精记录错误，也可能是人工智能机构精液标签上的错误。由于不同公牛的多次授精而导致的亲子鉴定记录不正确最多可以解释 20% 的亲子鉴定错误。建立质量控制系统，特别是在授精者层面，应将亲子鉴定错误减少至不超过 8%，并将遗传进展提高至少 1%。
A total of 6040 Israeli Holstein cows from 181 Kibbutz herds listed as progeny of 11 sires were genotyped for 104 microsatellites. Seventeen markers were deleted due to a frequency of erroneous genotypes >1%, leaving 160,470 valid genotypes. Conflicts between the putative sire and daughter in at least 2 markers and for at least 10% of the markers genotyped per cow were required to reject paternity. Cows that did not meet the requirements for paternity confirmation or rejection were deleted from further analysis. The frequency of rejected paternity was 11.7%. The effects of recorded sire, birth year, geographical region, herd, and inseminator on the frequency of paternity rejection were analyzed with linear and nonlinear models. Only the effects of inseminator and recorded sire were significant in all models tested that included these effects. The main causes of incorrect paternity recording appear to be inseminator recording mistakes, and possibly mistakes with respect to semen labeling at the AI institutes. Incorrect paternity recording due to multiple inseminations by different sires could explain, at most, 20% of the paternity mistakes. Instituting a system of quality control, especially at the level of the inseminator, should reduce paternity errors to no more than 8%, and increase genetic progress by at least 1%.