Acute respiratory health effects of air pollution on children with asthma in US inner cities
Acute respiratory health effects of air pollution on children with asthma in US inner cities
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2008.02.020
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发表时间：
2008-05-01
影响因子：
14.2
通讯作者：
Lippmann, Morton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
O'Connor, George T.;Neas, Lucas;Lippmann, Morton
背景资料：城市社区的哮喘儿童可能特别容易受到空气污染的不利影响，因为他们的呼吸道疾病和暴露于相对高水平的机动车排放。目的：探讨城市社区哮喘儿童室外空气污染波动与哮喘发病率之间的关系。我们分析了来自美国7个城市社区的861名持续性哮喘儿童的数据，这些儿童每6个月进行一次为期2周的每日两次肺功能测试，持续2年。每2个月收集一次哮喘症状数据。每日的污染测量数据来自大气信息检索系统。肺功能和症状的污染物浓度波动的关系进行了检查，通过使用混合models.Results：几乎所有的污染物浓度测量均低于国家环境空气质量标准。在单一污染物模型中，NO2、二氧化硫和小于2.5 μ m的颗粒物的5天平均浓度越高，肺功能越低。在3污染物模型中，较高的污染物水平与肺功能降低独立相关。较高浓度的NO2和颗粒小于2.5 μ m与哮喘相关的缺课日，和较高的NO2浓度与哮喘symptoms.Conclusion：在内城儿童哮喘，短期增加空气污染物浓度低于国家环境空气质量标准与不良的呼吸系统健康影响。与NO2的关联表明，机动车排放可能导致该人群的发病率过高。
Background: Children with asthma in inner-city communities may be particularly vulnerable to adverse effects of air pollution because of their airways disease and exposure to relatively high levels of motor vehicle emissions.Objective: To investigate the association between fluctuations in outdoor air pollution and asthma morbidity among inner-city children with asthma.Methods: We analyzed data from 861 children with persistent asthma in 7 US urban communities who performed 2-week periods of twice-daily pulmonary function testing every 6 months for 2 years. Asthma symptom data were collected every 2 months. Daily pollution measurements were obtained from the Aerometric Information Retrieval System. The relationship of lung function and symptoms to fluctuations in pollutant concentrations was examined by using mixed models.Results: Almost all pollutant concentrations measured were below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. In single-pollutant models, higher 5-day average concentrations of NO2, sulfur dioxide, and particles smaller than 2.5 mu m were associated with significantly lower pulmonary function. Higher pollutant levels were independently associated with reduced lung function in a 3-pollutant model. Higher concentrations of NO2 and particles smaller than 2.5 mu m were associated with asthma-related missed school days, and higher NO2 concentrations were associated with asthma symptoms.Conclusion: Among inner-city children with asthma, short-term increases in air pollutant concentrations below the National Ambient Air Quality Standards were associated with adverse respiratory health effects. The associations with NO2 suggest that motor vehicle emissions may be causing excess morbidity in this population.