Cultural evolutionary theory: How culture evolves and why it matters
Cultural evolutionary theory: How culture evolves and why it matters
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1620732114
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发表时间：
2017-07-25
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Feldman, Marcus W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Creanza, Nicole;Kolodny, Oren;Feldman, Marcus W.
人类的文化特征——可以从其他人身上学习的行为、思想和技术——可以表现出复杂的传播和进化模式，研究人员已经开发了理论模型，包括口头和数学模型，以促进我们对这些模式的理解。由于文化进化与遗传进化既有相似之处，也有明显的不同，许多文化进化的最初定量模型都是根据理论种群遗传学中现有的概念进行修改的。此外，文化和基因进化可以相互作用，影响遗传和选择。除了纯粹的文化进化外，这种相互作用还需要对基因-文化共同进化和双重遗传进行理论处理。此外，文化进化理论是人口统计学、人类生态学和许多其他学科研究的自然组成部分。在这里，我们回顾了文化进化理论中的核心概念，因为它们与生物通过文化的延伸有关，重点介绍了文化进化在群体遗传学、生态学和人口学中的应用。对于这些学科，我们回顾了理论文献，并重点介绍了相关的实证研究。我们还讨论了文化进化研究的社会意义，以及人类与他人和环境的相互作用。
Human cultural traits-behaviors, ideas, and technologies that can be learned from other individuals-can exhibit complex patterns of transmission and evolution, and researchers have developed theoretical models, both verbal and mathematical, to facilitate our understanding of these patterns. Many of the first quantitative models of cultural evolution were modified from existing concepts in theoretical population genetics because cultural evolution has many parallels with, as well as clear differences from, genetic evolution. Furthermore, cultural and genetic evolution can interact with one another and influence both transmission and selection. This interaction requires theoretical treatments of gene-culture coevolution and dual inheritance, in addition to purely cultural evolution. In addition, cultural evolutionary theory is a natural component of studies in demography, human ecology, and many other disciplines. Here, we review the core concepts in cultural evolutionary theory as they pertain to the extension of biology through culture, focusing on cultural evolutionary applications in population genetics, ecology, and demography. For each of these disciplines, we review the theoretical literature and highlight relevant empirical studies. We also discuss the societal implications of the study of cultural evolution and of the interactions of humans with one another and with their environment.