Adipocytes as Immune Cells: Differential Expression of TWEAK, BAFF, and APRIL and Their Receptors (Fn14, BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA) at Different Stages of Normal and Pathological Adipose Tissue Development
Adipocytes as Immune Cells: Differential Expression of TWEAK, BAFF, and APRIL and Their Receptors (Fn14, BAFF-R, TACI, and BCMA) at Different Stages of Normal and Pathological Adipose Tissue Development
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DOI：
10.4049/jimmunol.0901186
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Castanas, Elias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alexaki, Vassilia-Ismini;Notas, George;Castanas, Elias
脂肪组织是多能干细胞的丰富来源。从该来源分离的间充质细胞在体外可以分化为其他类型的细胞，因此可以用于许多再生治疗。我们对脂肪组织的看法最近发生了变化，确立了脂肪细胞是免疫系统的新成员，因为它们除了产生脂肪因子(瘦素、脂联素、抵抗素)和与天然免疫系统相关的分子外，还会产生许多促炎细胞因子(如IL-6和TNFα和趋化因子)。本文报道了肿瘤坏死因子超家族成员肿瘤坏死因子家族B细胞激活因子(BAFF)、增殖诱导配体(APRIL)和肿瘤坏死因子样弱凋亡诱导因子(TWEY)在未成熟脂肪细胞和成熟脂肪细胞以及良、恶性脂肪组织源性肿瘤中的差异表达。这些配体通过其认知受体BAFF受体、跨膜激活剂和钙信号调节亲环素配体(TACI)、B细胞成熟抗原(BCMA)和成纤维细胞生长因子诱导因子14(Fn14)发挥作用，这些受体也在这些细胞中表达。我们进一步报道了功能性BCMA、TACI和Fn14受体及其配体BAFF的存在，并对脂肪组织来源的间充质细胞进行了调整，它们的相互作用改变了脂肪形成的速度。我们的数据整合了BAFF、APRIL和TWEW及其受体BCMA、TACI和Fn14作为新的潜在的脂肪形成介质，以及它们在免疫中的特定作用，并将未成熟和成熟的脂肪细胞定义为免疫介质的来源。免疫学杂志，2009,183：5948-5956。
Adipose tissue represents a rich source of multipotent stem cells. Mesenchymal cells, isolated from this source, can differentiate to other cell types in vitro and therefore can be used for a number of regenerative therapies. Our view of adipose tissue has recently changed, establishing adipocytes as new members of the immune system, as they produce a number of proinflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6 and TNF alpha and chemokines, in addition to adipokines (leptin, adiponectin, resistin) and molecules associated with the innate immune system. In this paper, we report the differential expression of TNF-superfamily members B cell activating factor of the TNF Family (BAFF), a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL), and TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in immature-appearing and mature adipocytes and in benign and malignant adipose tissue-derived tumors. These ligands act through their cognitive receptors, BAFF receptor, transmembrane activator and calcium signal-modulating cyclophilic ligand (TACI), B cell maturation Ag (BCMA), and fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), which are also expressed in these cells. We further report the existence of functional BCMA, TACI, and Fn14 receptors and their ligands BAFF, APRIL, and TWEAK on adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal cells, their interaction modifying the rate of adipogenesis. Our data integrate BAFF, APRIL, and TWEAK and their receptors BCMA, TACI, and Fn14 as novel potential mediators of adipogenesis, in addition to their specific role in immunity, and define immature and mature adipocytes as source of immune mediators. The Journal of Immunology, 2009, 183: 5948-5956.