Design and Investigation of an Effective Solar Still Applicable to Remote Islands
Design and Investigation of an Effective Solar Still Applicable to Remote Islands
复制标题
仍适用于偏远岛屿的有效太阳能的设计和研究
作者：
Alinford Samuel;Josue Brizuela;K. Chang;C. Lin
大多数偏远岛屿的特点是人口少，其中许多人生活在贫困线以下，交通不便，缺乏电力。因此，太阳能蒸馏器具有投资成本低、操作简单、维护需求少等优点，建议在太阳辐照度丰富的偏远岛屿使用。在此背景下，本研究的目的是设计和制造一个有效的太阳能仍然适用于在偏远的岛屿，淡水资源少，但容易获得海水和丰富的太阳辐照度。将传统的被动式双斜面太阳能蒸馏器与真空太阳能热水器、翅片和芯材料集成在一起，提高了通过盆中盐水的热传递速率，并增加了有效蒸发表面积。实验于二零二一年九月至十月期间（被动式太阳能蒸馏器）及二零二一年十一月期间（主动式太阳能蒸馏器）使用批处理模式操作进行。实验结果表明，增加翅片，芯和太阳能热水器影响的总蒸馏水产量的太阳能蒸馏器。与传统的被动式太阳能蒸馏器相比，在类似的平均太阳辐射水平下，翅片、芯和太阳能热水器的组合使用使平均日生产率提高了147%，平均日小时生产率提高了245%。采用本设计，在测试地点的太阳能环境下，主动式太阳能蒸馏器每天可以提供4.4L的饮用水。不过，要达到世卫所订每人每天7.5公升的最低要求，现时的设计须作出修改，将现用太阳能蒸馏器的吸收器面积增加63%，以及在太阳能热水器上多加8条真空管。由主动（改良）太阳能蒸馏器产生的每升饮用水的估计成本显示，在台湾典型的偏远县（澎湖）出售的瓶装水比蒸馏器产生的水贵117-283%。
Most remote islands are characterized by small populations, many of whom live under the poverty line, poor geographical accessibility and lack of electricity. As such, the solar still, which has a low capital cost, easy operation and less need of maintenance, is recommended to be used in remote islands possessing rich solar irradiance. Against this backdrop, the present study aimed to design and fabricate an effective solar still suitable for application in the remote islands with low freshwater sources but easy access to sea water and rich solar irradiance. Integrating a conventional passive double-slope solar still with an evacuated solar water heater, fins and wick material improves the heat transfer rate through the brine in the basin and increases effective evaporative surface area. Experiments were conducted using batch mode operation during the periods September to October 2021 for the passive solar stills and November 2021 for the active solar still. Experimental results reveal that the augmentation of fins, wicks and a solar water heater influences the overall distillate output of the solar still. The combined use of fins, wicks and a solar water heater increases the average daily productivity by 147% and the average daytime hourly productivity by 245% compared to the conventional passive solar still under similar average solar radiation levels. Using the present design, the active solar still under the solar environment of the testing location can provide 4.4 L of potable water per day. However, to achieve the minimum requirement of 7.5 L/day per person set by WHO, the present design should be modified by increasing the absorber area of the active solar still by 63% and adding eight more evacuated tubes to the solar water heater. The estimated cost per liter of potable water generated by the active (modified) solar still showed that bottled water sold in a typical remote county (Penghu) in Taiwan was 117–283% more expensive than the water generated by the still.