Expressing genes do not forget their LINEs: transposable elements and gene expression
Expressing genes do not forget their LINEs: transposable elements and gene expression
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DOI：
10.2741/3990
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Belancio, Victoria P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kines, Kristine J.;Belancio, Victoria P.
在历史上，哺乳动物转座因子（TE）的积累质量，特别是那些位于基因边界内，被视为一种遗传负担，可能对基因组景观有害。转座序列不仅可以通过插入改变转录组的结构，而且在整合过程完成很久之后也可以改变转录组的结构，这一发现加强了这一概念。以前认为无害的插入现在已知通过改变转录本的质量或数量、转录干扰或通过控制影响mRNA生命周期的途径来影响宿主基因的表达。相反，几个例子的进化有利的影响TE的宿主基因结构多样化的细胞转录组的报告。TE诱导的基因表达变化可以是组织特异性或疾病特异性的，这提高了TE序列的影响在发育过程中、在正常细胞类型之间以及在正常组织和受疾病影响的组织之间可能不同的可能性。对TE干扰基因表达的规则和丰度的理解尚处于起步阶段，其对人类疾病和/或进化的贡献在很大程度上尚未探索。
Historically the accumulated mass of mammalian transposable elements (TEs), particularly those located within gene boundaries, was viewed as a genetic burden potentially detrimental to the genomic landscape. This notion has been strengthened by the discovery that transposable sequences can alter the architecture of the transcriptome, not only through insertion, but also long after the integration process is completed. Insertions previously considered harmless are now known to impact the expression of host genes via modification of the transcript quality or quantity, transcriptional interference, or by the control of pathways that affect the mRNA life-cycle. Conversely, several examples of the evolutionary advantageous impact of TEs on the host gene structure that diversified the cellular transcriptome are reported. TE-induced changes in gene expression can be tissue-or disease-specific, raising the possibility that the impact of TE sequences may vary during development, among normal cell types, and between normal and disease-affected tissues. The understanding of the rules and abundance of TE-interference with gene expression is in its infancy, and its contribution to human disease and/or evolution remains largely unexplored.