Cumulative Psychological Stress and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Focused Review with Consideration of Black-White Disparities
Cumulative Psychological Stress and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A Focused Review with Consideration of Black-White Disparities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s12170-013-0338-5
复制
发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Williams, David R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albert, Michelle A.;Slopen, Natalie;Williams, David R.
心理社会压力是社会或环境暴露或要求，对个人的适应能力造成负担，并可能导致生理“磨损”，可能导致疾病[1··]。几条证据表明，压力源在心血管疾病（CVD）的发展和进展中起着关键作用[1··，2，3]。到目前为止，大多数关于心理社会压力源和CVD的研究都集中在压力的单一领域之间的关系，例如工作压力[4]或社会支持[5]，以及心理社会压力源与替代CVD生物标志物或CVD症状和CVD死亡的研究，因为结果通常受到小样本量的限制。目前，关于多种类型的压力源暴露（即“累积压力源”）的累积与CVD结局之间的前瞻性关系，文献中存在显著空白。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了研究心理社会压力源的累积效应的重要性，心理社会压力源和心血管疾病风险升高之间的潜在机制，并为未来的研究和实践提供建议。
Psychosocial stressors are social or environmental exposures or demands that place a burden on the adaptive capacities of an individual, and can result in physiological “wear and tear” that may lead to illness [1••]. Several lines of evidence point to stressors as having a key role in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD)[1••, 2, 3]. To date, a majority of studies on psychosocial stressors and CVD have concentrated on the relationship between single domains of stress, such as job stress [4] or social support [5], and studies of psychosocial stressors in relation to surrogate CVD biomarkers or symptoms of CVD and CVD death as outcomes are often limited by small sample sizes. At present, there are significant gaps in the literature with regard to the prospective relationship between the accumulation of multiple types of stressor exposure (ie,“cumulative stressors”) and CVD outcomes. In the present review, we discuss the importance of examining the cumulative effects of psychosocial stressors, potential mechanisms for associations between psychosocial stressors and elevated CVD risk, and provide suggestions for future research and practice.