Fishing adaptation of prehistoric hunter-gatherers at the Nittano site, Japan
Fishing adaptation of prehistoric hunter-gatherers at the Nittano site, Japan
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日本日塔野遗址史前狩猎采集者的捕鱼适应
DOI：
10.1016/s0305-4403(80)80039-2
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发表时间：
1980
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Takeru Akazawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takeru Akazawa
这项研究关注的是史前狩猎采集者对日本东部沿海沿着海洋资源的开发模式。这项研究有两个目标。首先，它将考察当地的史前环境，特别是为了重建遗址领土的环境。第二，分析将审查人们收集海洋资源的习惯。这一部分主要集中在季节活动和劳动分工的问题上，用于分析的材料是从日本Nittano的绳纹贝贝这个垃圾坑有两个文化层面：一个是绳文早期的存款（c. 6000 BP）被一个中间绳纹存款（c.5000 BP）覆盖。在研究海洋物种的性质，特别是两个层位之间的差异时，可以总结出以下三点：（1）当海侵海扩展到低地时，在Nittano遗址的领土内形成了海湾。大多数海洋动物遗迹是栖息在潮汐到亚沿岸带环境中的物种，这些环境是遗址领土内形成的海湾的特征。(2)关于Nittano的软体动物和鱼类的季节性的证据，尽管并非无可辩驳，但表明该地点可能是一个在几个季节中被占领的基地定居点，而不是一个仅在一个特定季节被占领的临时营地。(3)Nittano人可能将其海洋领土划分为两个活动区域，由社会中不同年龄和/或性别的群体进行开发。年轻的男人会去更远的湾岸钓鱼，但年长的男人和女人会利用网站附近的位置。
The study is concerned with the patterns of exploitation of marine resources along the coasts of eastern Japan by prehistoric hunter-gatherers. The study has two objectives. First, it will examine the local prehistoric environment, especially in order to reconstruct the environment of the site territory. Second, the analysis will examine the habits of the people when collecting marine resources. This part focuses mainly on the problems of seasonal activities and the division of labour.The material used for this analysis is the molluscan and fish remains collected from the Jomon shell midden at Nittano in Japan. The midden has two cultural horizons: an early Jomon deposit (c. 6000 BP) overlain by a middle Jomon deposit (c.5000 BP). In examining the nature of the marine species, in particular the difference between the two horizons, the following three points can be summarized: (1) an embayment was formed in the territory of the Nittano site as transgressing sea spread into the lowlands. The majority of the marine faunal remains are species that inhabited the environment of tidal to sublittoral zones characterizing the embayment formed in the site territory. (2) The evidence for the seasonality of molluscs and fish at Nittano, although by no means incontrovertible, indicates the possibility that the site was a base settlement occupied over several seasons rather than a temporary camp occupied only in one particular season. (3) The Nittano people probably divided their marine territory into two activity areas which were exploited by different age and/or sex groups within the society. The younger men would go fishing to the more distant bay shore, but the older men and women would exploit the location near the site.