Modular control of human walking: Adaptations to altered mechanical demands.
Modular control of human walking: Adaptations to altered mechanical demands.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.10.009
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发表时间：
2010-02-10
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kautz, Steven A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGowan, Craig P.;Neptune, Richard R.;Clark, David J.;Kautz, Steven A.
研究表明，神经系统可能会采用一种控制方案，在这种方案中，协同肌肉群由共同的兴奋模式或模块控制，以简化行走等运动任务的协调。最近的一项使用实验衍生的模块作为控制输入的人类行走的计算机建模和仿真研究提供了证据，表明单个模块与特定的生物力学子任务相关，例如产生身体支撑和向前推进。本研究测试了当机械需求发生实质性变化时，在正常行走过程中识别的模块是否能够产生行走的模拟。生成步行模拟，模拟体重和/或体重增加和/或减少25%的人类受试者。通过缩放五个模块模式的大小，模拟可以通过简单地缩放与特定生物力学子任务相关的模块的机械输出来模拟受试者对每种情况的反应。具体地说，当体重增加(减少)时，与提供身体支撑相关的模块对垂直地面反作用力的贡献增加(减少)，而当体重增加时，与提供向前推进相关的模块对正前后方地面反作用力和正躯干功率的贡献增加。控制腿部摆动的模块没有受到扰动的影响。这些结果支持神经系统可能使用模块化控制策略的想法，并且灵活地调节模块招募强度可能足以满足机械需求的大变化。
Studies have shown that the nervous system may adopt a control scheme in which synergistic muscle groups are controlled by common excitation patters, or modules, to simplify the coordination of movement tasks such as walking. A recent computer modeling and simulation study of human walking using experimentally derived modules as the control inputs provided evidence that individual modules are associated with specific biomechanical subtasks, such as generating body support and forward propulsion. The present study tests whether the modules identified during normal walking could produce simulations of walking when the mechanical demands were substantially altered. Walking simulations were generated that emulated human subjects who had their body weight and/or body mass increased and decreased by 25%. By scaling the magnitude of five module patterns, the simulation could emulate the subjects’ response to each condition by simply scaling the mechanical output from modules associated with specific biomechanical subtasks. Specifically, the modules associated with providing body support increased (decreased) their contribution to the vertical ground reaction force when body weight was increased (decreased), and the module associated with providing forward propulsion increased its contribution to the positive anterior-posterior ground reaction force and positive trunk power when the body mass was increased. The modules that contribute to controlling leg swing were unaffected by the perturbations. These results support the idea that the nervous system may use a modular control strategy and that flexible modulation of module recruitment intensity may be sufficient to meet large changes in mechanical demand.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Bizzi, E.;Cheung, V. C. K.;Tresch, M.
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Neptune, Richard R.;Sasaki, Kotaro;Kautz, Steven A.
通讯作者：
Kautz, Steven A.
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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