Genetic diversity and differentiation of Camellia sinensis L. (cultivated tea) and its wild relatives in Yunnan province of China, revealed by morphology, biochemistry and allozyme studies.
Genetic diversity and differentiation of Camellia sinensis L. (cultivated tea) and its wild relatives in Yunnan province of China, revealed by morphology, biochemistry and allozyme studies.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10722-005-0285-1
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Pei, S. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen Jin, Chen Jin;Wang PingSheng, Wang PingSheng;Pei, S. J.
对87份山茶属植物进行了形态、同工酶和生化多样性分析。sinensis，C. talinensis（7），C.中华变种dehungensis（3）、白腹隐翅虫C. crassicolumna（3）和C.中华变种阿萨姆卡（64）]。各类群间形态特征变异较大。在5个类群中，所有叶和大多数花的数量性状表现出显著差异，而所有果实的数量性状没有显著差异，有7个（即，生活型、花蕾颜色、花瓣质地、子房被毛、花柱数、雄蕊位置、单果室数）的33个品质性状间产量差异显著。总的来说，咖啡因含量变异最大，变异系数为22.7%，水浸出物含量变异最小，变异系数为13.4%，多酚类物质含量变异最小，变异系数为20.0%，游离氨基酸含量变异最小，变异系数为18.8%。大理山茶（Camellia taliensis）和大理山茶（C.中华变种阿萨姆木的多酚和水浸出物含量显著高于其他3个类群，而咖啡因和游离氨基酸含量差异不显著。等位酶分析中，有14个位点表现出较好的分辨率，其中9个位点（AAT-3、FUM-1、6PDG-1、G6 PDH-1、G3 PDH-1、ME-1、PGM-1、PGM-2和SKD-1）在每个分类群中表现出多态性，多态性位点数占64%。各类群的多态位点百分率（P）为21.4- 50.0%。每个位点的平均杂合度（He）在0.114-0.218之间。FST值表明，只有4.6%的变异可归因于类群间的遗传差异。形态性状和生化性状的聚类分析结果也揭示了等位酶所揭示的5个类群之间的亲缘关系。
We evaluated morphological, isozyme and biochemical diversity of a total of 87 accessions in the genus Camellia [Camellia sinensis var. sinensis (10), C. talinensis (7), C. sinensis var. dehungensis (3), C. crassicolumna (3) and C. sinensis var. assamica (64)]. Great variation of morphological characters was apparent within each taxa. Across the five taxa, all leaf and most flower quantitative characters showed significant differences while all fruit quantitative characters measured did not differ significantly, and, seven (i.e., life form, bud color, petal texture, pubescence on ovary, style number, stamen location and locule per fruit) of the 33 qualitative characters yield significant differences. As a whole, caffeine content had the highest variation with CV of 22.7%, water extract solid showed the least variation (13.4%) and content of polyphenols (20.0%) and free amino acids (18.8%) showed intermediate variations. Camellia taliensis and C. sinensis var. assamica had significantly higher content of polyphenols and water extract solid than in the other three taxa, while no significant differences were detected for the content of caffeine and free amino acids. For allozyme study, 14 loci presented good resolution, among which, nine loci (64%) were polymorphic in each taxon (AAT-3, FUM-1, 6PDG-1, G6PDH-1, G3PDH-1, ME-1, PGM-1, PGM-2 and SKD-1). The percentage of polymorphic loci (P) for each taxon was 21.4-50.0%. Mean heterozygosity per locus (He) varied 0.114-0.218. FST value indicated that only 4.6% of the variations could be ascribable to genetic differences among taxa. Genetic relationships among the five taxa revealed by allozymes, were also exposed by the result of clustering of the morphological and biochemical characters.