Erythromycin-inducible Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: Survey of Antibiotic Classes Involved
Erythromycin-inducible Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: Survey of Antibiotic Classes Involved
复制标题
金黄色葡萄球菌中红霉素诱导的耐药性：涉及抗生素类别的调查
作者：
B. Weisblum;V. Demohn
某些红霉素耐药金黄色葡萄球菌菌株对其他大环内酯类抗生素仍然敏感。如果这些菌株暴露于低水平的红霉素，则诱导对其他抗生素的耐药性。红霉素诱导耐药性的抗生素包括：其他大环内酯类以及林可胺、链阳菌素（B组）抗生素（但不包括氯霉素）、阿米替丁、链阳菌素（A组）抗生素、四环素和氨基糖苷类。因此，红霉素仅诱导对50S核糖体亚基功能抑制剂的耐药性，并且迄今为止，仅对作用于该亚基的六种已知抑制剂中的三种产生耐药性。在测试的四种菌株中，红霉素没有诱导对帕他霉素或博曲霉素、夫西地酸（其抑制涉及两个亚基的功能）或其他不抑制核糖体功能的抗生素的抗性。因此，通过诱导耐药性，红霉素可以拮抗其他抗生素的作用，并且在所有可以测试的菌株中观察到对每种抗生素类别的一致拮抗模式，以及在每种细菌菌株中观察到对相同化学类别的其他抗生素成员的一致拮抗模式。
Certain erythromycin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus remain sensitive to other macrolide antibiotics. If these strains are exposed to low levels of erythromycin, resistance to other antibiotics is induced. The antibiotics to which resistance is induced by erythromycin include: other macrolides as well as lincosaminide, streptogramin (group B) antibiotics but not chloramphenicol, amicetin, streptogramin (group A) antibiotics, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides. Hence erythromycin induces resistance exclusively towards inhibitors of 50S ribosomal subunit function and, thus far, only with respect to three of six known classes of inhibitors which act on this subunit. In the four strains tested, erythromycin did not induce resistance to pactamycin or bottromycin, to fusidic acid (which inhibits a function involving both subunits), or to other antibiotics which do not inhibit ribosomal function. Thus, by inducing resistance erythromycin could antagonize the action of other antibiotics, and a consistent pattern of antagonism was observed to each antibiotic class in all of the strains in which this could be tested, as well as to other antibiotic members of the same chemical class in each bacterial strain.