Altruism and Strategic Giving in Children and Adolescents
Altruism and Strategic Giving in Children and Adolescents
复制标题
儿童和青少年的利他主义和战略捐赠
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Niree Kodaverdian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Brocas;J. Carrillo;Niree Kodaverdian
我们进行了一个实验室实验，研究利他主义和战略给予从童年到成年的演变。334名学龄儿童和青少年（从K到12年级）和48名大学生参加了一次性独裁者游戏和重复交替版本的相同独裁者游戏。每个独裁者游戏的特点是在自己和一个匿名的伙伴之间选择公平的分裂（4; 4）和自私的分裂（6; 1）。我们发现，利他主义（公平分配在一杆游戏）随着年龄的增长，在儿童和青春期后下降，并不能单独占重复游戏中的合作的发展。年龄较大的受试者回报更多，也更好地预期启动合作游戏的潜在收益。总体而言，7岁以下的儿童既不利他也不策略，而大学生尽管利他水平相对较低，但策略合作。中间年龄段的参与者逐渐学会预测合作的长期利益，并使自己的行为适应伴侣的行为。在大约11-12岁时出现一个转折点，在此之后，合作可以持续下去。
We conduct a laboratory experiment to investigate the evolution of altruism and strategic giving from childhood to adulthood. 334 school-age children and adolescents (from K to 12th grade) and 48 college students participated in a one-shot dictator game and a repeated alternating version of the same dictator game. Each dictator game featured the choice between a fair split (4; 4) and a selfish split (6; 1) between oneself and an anonymous partner. We find that altruism (fair split in the one-shot game) increases with age in children and drops after adolescence, and cannot alone account for the development of cooperation in the repeated game. Older subjects reciprocate more and also better anticipate the potential gains of initiating a cooperative play. Overall, children younger than 7 years of age are neither altruistic nor strategic while college students strategically cooperate despite a relatively low level of altruism. Participants in the intermediate age range gradually learn to anticipate the long term benefits of cooperation and to adapt their behavior to that of their partner. A turning point after which cooperation can be sustained occurs at about 11-12 years of age.
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Wellman, HM;Liu, D
通讯作者：
Liu, D