Cancer screening guidelines and policy making: 15 years of experience in cancer screening guideline development in Japan
Cancer screening guidelines and policy making: 15 years of experience in cancer screening guideline development in Japan
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DOI：
10.1093/jjco/hyx190
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发表时间：
2018-03-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hamashima, Chisato
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hamashima, Chisato
根据标准化方法制定和修订了癌症筛查指南。这些指南有助于促进国家计划中基于证据的癌症筛查。癌症死亡在日本仍然是沉重的负担，因此癌症筛查被认为是降低癌症死亡率的实用策略。2006年公布的《促进癌症控制方案基本计划》指出，需要进行循证癌症筛查。在国家癌症筛查计划的构想中，没有癌症筛查评估。从1998年到2001年，久道成立了癌症筛查评估委员会，并发表了三份报告。这些报告是评估日本癌症筛查初步研究的基石，并促进了癌症筛查指南的制定。自2003年以来，由国家癌症中心资助的研究小组根据参考国际标准的既定方法制定了癌症筛查指南。已经公布了下列癌症的筛查指南：胃癌、结肠直肠癌、肺癌、前列腺癌、宫颈癌和乳腺癌。在评估获益和危害的平衡后提出筛查建议。该建议分为基于人群的筛查和机会性筛查。有证据不足的新筛查技术被建议进一步进行研究。国家委员会继续根据既定准则评估其癌症筛查证据，并讨论了执行问题。根据癌症筛查指南，对乳腺癌和胃癌的筛查方法进行了修订。癌症筛查指南越来越多地促进了循证癌症筛查的国家计划。为了提供适当的癌症筛查证据，需要进行额外的研究，以进一步改进指南制定的方法。
Cancer screening guidelines have been developed and revised based on the standardized method. These guidelines have contributed in promoting evidence-based cancer screening for national programs.Cancer deaths have remained a heavy burden in Japan, thus cancer screening has been anticipated to be a practical strategy for reducing mortality from cancers. The Basic Plan to Promote Cancer Control Program published in 2006 stated that evidence-based cancer screening is required. At the conception of national cancer screening programs, there were no cancer screening assessments. From 1998 to 2001, Hisamichi formed committees for the assessment of cancer screening and published three reports. These reports were the cornerstone in assessing primary studies of cancer screening in Japan which served as a stimulus for the development of cancer screening guidelines. Since 2003, research groups funded by the National Cancer Center have developed cancer screening guidelines based on established methods in reference to international standards. Screening guidelines for the following cancers have been published: gastric, colorectal, lung, prostate, cervical and breast cancers. Recommendations for screening are made following assessment of the balance of benefits and harms. The recommendation has been divided for population-based screening and opportunistic screening. New screening techniques with insufficient evidence have been suggested to further undergo research. The national committee has continued to appraise their evidence for cancer screening based on established guidelines and has discussed implementation problems. The screening methods for breast and gastric cancers have been revised based on cancer screening guidelines. Cancer screening guidelines have increasingly contributed to the promotion of evidence-based cancer screening for national programs. To provide appropriate cancer screening evidence, additional studies to further improve the methodology for guideline development are warranted.