A species-level phylogeny of the Cretaceous Hesperornithiformes (Aves: Ornithuromorpha): implications for body size evolution amongst the earliest diving birds
A species-level phylogeny of the Cretaceous Hesperornithiformes (Aves: Ornithuromorpha): implications for body size evolution amongst the earliest diving birds
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DOI：
10.1080/14772019.2015.1036141
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发表时间：
2016-03-03
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Chiappe, Luis M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bell, Alyssa;Chiappe, Luis M.
尽管在过去的两个世纪里，在全球范围内发现了大量的物种，但关于长翅鸟形目的系统发育研究却很少。从地理分布、体型和潜水专长的巨大差异来看，长喙鸟是中生代鸟类中最多样化的类群之一，时间跨度从早白垩纪晚期到晚白垩纪。这项研究首次对包括大多数已描述的分类群在内的长喙鸟形类进行了系统发育分析，从而首次详细研究了该分支的进化关系。这一研究结果支持了hesperornithformes的单系性，它是鸟类冠群Neornithes的姐妹分支。在长喙鸟目中，长喙鸟科和长喙鸟科是单系的，而长喙鸟科是多系的。小证据表明，在种水平的分类分化中发现的大褐鸟，与帝王褐鸟许多物种无法区分。深鸟形目的进化为鸟类专门的潜水适应能力的逐步发展提供了一个迷人的例子。这些潜水专长的获得似乎与身体尺寸多次大幅增加的独立进化无关。
Despite extensive discoveries across the globe over the past two centuries, little phylogenetic work has been done on the Hesperornithiformes. Spanning the late Early to Late Cretaceous, hesperornithiforms are one of the most diverse groups of Mesozoic birds in terms of both their geographical distribution and the wide differences in body size and diving specializations. This study presents the first phylogenetic analysis of the Hesperornithiformes that includes a majority of the described taxa, enabling the first detailed look at evolutionary relationships within the clade. The results of this study support the monophyly of the Hesperornithiformes, which is recovered as the sister clade to the avian crown group, Neornithes. Within the Hesperornithiformes, the Brodavidae and Hesperornithidae are monophyletic while the Baptornithidae are polyphyletic. Little evidence of species-level taxonomic differentiation is found within Hesperornis, with many species indistinguishable from Hesperornis regalis. Evolution within the Hesperornithiformes provides a fascinating example of progressive development of specialized diving adaptations in birds. The acquisition of these diving specializations appears to be uncorrelated to the independent evolution of multiple large increases in body size.