The impact of driver's license ownership on unemployed job seekers' access to job openings: Assessing the driver's license at School project in Flanders
The impact of driver's license ownership on unemployed job seekers' access to job openings: Assessing the driver's license at School project in Flanders
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cstp.2018.08.008
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
De Maeyer, Philippe
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fransen, Koos;Deruyter, Greet;De Maeyer, Philippe
劳动力市场的低效率被认为是一个地区经济福祉的主要威胁之一。然而，随着战后汽车工业的兴起，私人机动车出行的高度主导和独立性导致了居住地点与劳动力市场之间的各种空间错配。因此，失业的求职者找不到合适的工作与交通相关的问题密切相关，更具体地说，与是否有驾照有关。这项研究的目的是检查停止“学校驾照”项目的政策决定的影响，该项目目前为中学生（17岁或以上）提供了以较低的速度获得理论驾照的能力。这是通过评估求职者在佛兰德斯地区（以及扩展到布鲁塞尔首都地区）获得职位空缺的机会来审查的。因此，在考虑就业竞争的情况下，构建了一个时空可达性测度，以确定不同交通方式下每个交通分析区就业机会的数量。结果表明，有驾照的求职者比没有驾照的求职者更容易获得工作机会。此外，求职者的可及性与其社会人口学特征之间存在显著的相关关系。该研究认为，虽然从环境角度来看值得称赞，但项目的终止将导致某些群体的各种不公平结果。这对注重工作可达性的交通政策以及解决未来佛兰德城市景观应如何理想演变的空间规划政策具有重要影响。此外，它还加剧了关于可持续运输政策与运输利益公平分配之间差异的辩论。
An inefficient accessibility to the labor market is considered as one of the key threats to a region's economic wellbeing. However, the high dominance of and independency on travel by private motorized vehicle related to the post-war emergence of the automobile industry has led to various spatial mismatches between living locations and the labor market. Consequently, unemployed job seekers' inability to find a suitable job is strongly interwoven with transport-related issues, and more specifically, with having a driver's license. The research aims to examine the impact of the policy decision to discontinue the 'Driver's License at School' project, which currently provides secondary school pupils (aged 17 years or older) with the ability to obtain their theoretical driver's license at a diminished rate. This is examined through the assessment of job seeker's accessibility to job vacancies in the region of Flanders (and, in extension, the Brussels Capital Region). Therefore, a spatio-temporal accessibility measure was constructed to identify the number of job opportunities per traffic analysis zone for different transport modes, while considering job competition. The results show that job seekers with a driver's license have a higher accessibility to job opportunities than those without. Moreover, significant relationships exist between job seekers' accessibility and their socio-demographic characteristics. The study argues that although laudable from an environmental perspective-the discontinuation of the project will lead to various inequitable outcomes for certain groups. This has important ramifications for transport policies focusing on equity in job accessibility as well as spatial planning policies that address how the future Flemish urban landscape should ideally evolve. In addition, it fuels the debate on the discrepancy between sustainable transport policies and an equitable distribution of transport benefits.