Tinnitus in the older adult - Epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment options
Tinnitus in the older adult - Epidemiology, pathophysiology and treatment options
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DOI：
10.2165/00002512-200421050-00002
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Seidman, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmad, N;Seidman, M
耳鸣是在没有明显的声学刺激的情况下对声音的感知。超过3500万美国人经历耳鸣，其中2-3百万人因这种令人痛苦的症状而严重衰弱。患病率随着年龄的增长而增加，并且与噪声引起的和与年龄相关的听力损失相关的发病率很高。耳鸣的病因有哪些？耳鸣的病因有哪些？耳鸣的病因有很多，其中最引人注目的是耳鸣是由于听觉轴沿着任何水平的自发性和异常神经活动引起的，即使在耳蜗神经切断或耳蜗切除后也是如此。在临床实践中，耳鸣的特征在于客观或主观。这种区别在病因学和治疗方面都是相关的。尽管大量的治疗干预和研究声称成功治疗耳鸣，治愈仍然难以捉摸。然而，有几种潜在的治疗方案，为患者提供不同程度的症状改善和提高生活质量。在评估老年人耳鸣时，必须制定合理和系统的方法。耳鸣的治疗方法有哪些？耳鸣的治疗方法有哪些？耳鸣的治疗方法
Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of an apparent acoustic stimulus. More than 35 million Americans experience tinnitus, with 2-3 million severely debilitated by this distressing symptom. The prevalence increases with age and there is a high incidence associated with both noise-induced and age-related hearing loss. Although there are several theories regarding the pathophysiology of tinnitus, the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated. The most compelling of these is the hypothesis that tinnitus occurs as a result of spontaneous and aberrant neural activity at any level along the auditory axis, even after cochlear nerve transection or labyrinthine ablation.There are numerous aetiologies associated with tinnitus. Tinnitus, in clinical practice, is characterised as either objective or subjective. The distinction is relevant in terms of both aetiology and treatment. Despite a large number of therapeutic interventions and studies claiming success in treating tinnitus, a cure remains elusive. However, there are several potential treatment options that offer patients varying degrees of symptomatic improvement and enhanced quality of life.It is imperative to formulate a rational and systematic approach in evaluating an older adult with tinnitus. An individualised treatment regimen and the creation of a strong therapeutic relationship are the hallmarks of successful management of the patient with tinnitus.