Effect of anthropogenic disturbance on the abundance and habitat occupancy of two endemic hornbill species in Buton island, Sulawesi
Effect of anthropogenic disturbance on the abundance and habitat occupancy of two endemic hornbill species in Buton island, Sulawesi
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人为干扰对苏拉威西布顿岛两种特有犀鸟物种的丰度和栖息地占用的影响
DOI：
10.1017/s0959270911000141
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Martin J. Jones
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Winarni;Martin J. Jones
摘要红瘤犀鸟Rhyticeros和苏拉威西Tarictic犀鸟Penelopides exarhatus是苏拉威西特有的。本研究评估了这两个物种在Lambusango森林，布顿，东南苏拉威西岛的人为干扰的影响。2005年至2007年期间，在六个研究地点收集了不同程度的干扰数据。两个轻度干扰和两个更严重干扰的网站内的“保护林”，而其余的被列为“生产林”。我们采用距离抽样的点计数法来调查犀鸟。栖息地数据也收集在每个点和相关的犀鸟“占用”与程序存在。这两种犀鸟估计是在较高的密度在轻度干扰的森林，但干扰水平有更多的不利影响，红瘤犀鸟比苏拉威西Tarictic犀鸟。轻度干扰的森林有显着更多的大树比严重干扰的森林，但没有差异的丰富的无花果。使用四个协变量（干扰水平，保护状态，大树的数量，无花果的数量），99%的红瘤犀鸟的存在/不存在的点可以解释栖息地干扰和87%的森林状态;相同的协变量解释76%的存在/不存在的苏拉威西岛Tarictic犀鸟与丰富的大树作为最重要的因素。这些结果支持的概念，红瘤犀鸟是更敏感的人为干扰，其保护是高度依赖于低水平的干扰森林栖息地的保护。
Summary The Red-knobbed Hornbill Rhyticeros cassidix and the Sulawesi Tarictic Hornbill Penelopides exarhatus are endemic to Sulawesi. This study assessed the effect of anthropogenic disturbance on these two species in Lambusango forest, Buton, south-east Sulawesi. Data were collected between 2005 and 2007 in six study sites which varied in their levels of disturbance. Two of the lightly disturbed and two of the more heavily disturbed sites were within ‘protection forest’ whereas the rest were classified as ‘production forest’. We used point counts with distance sampling to survey the hornbills. Habitat data were also collected at each of the points and related to hornbill ‘occupancy’ with the program PRESENCE. Both hornbills were estimated to be at higher density in the lightly disturbed forest but the level of disturbance had more of a detrimental effect on Red-knobbed Hornbill than on Sulawesi Tarictic Hornbill. Lightly disturbed forest had significantly more large trees than the heavily disturbed forest but there was no difference in the abundance of figs. Using four covariates (disturbance level, protection status, number of large trees, and number of figs), 99% of presence/absence of Red-knobbed Hornbills at the points could be explained by habitat disturbance and 87% by forest status; the same covariates explained 76% of presence/absence for the Sulawesi Tarictic Hornbill with abundance of large trees as the most important factor. These results support the notion that Red-knobbed Hornbill is more sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance and its conservation is highly dependent upon the preservation of forest habitats with low levels of disturbance.