Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors - Findings for women from the third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988-1994
Ethnic and socioeconomic differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors - Findings for women from the third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988-1994
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.280.4.356
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发表时间：
1998-07-22
影响因子：
120.7
通讯作者：
Varady, AN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Winkleby, MA;Kraemer, HC;Varady, AN
背景。-在美国，少数民族妇女的心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素高于白色妇女。然而，由于少数民族妇女不成比例地贫穷，社会经济地位（SES）可以在很大程度上解释这些风险因素的差异。确定CVD风险因素的种族差异是否可归因于SES设计的差异。1988年至1994年进行的第三次全国健康和营养检查调查。89个移动的考试中心。共有1762名黑人，1481名墨西哥裔美国人和2023名白色女性，年龄在25至64岁之间，他们完成了家庭问卷和医学检查。种族和受教育年限（SES）与收缩压、吸烟、体重指数（BMI，以千克为单位的体重除以以米为单位的身高的平方）、缺乏运动、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（non-HDL-C [总胆固醇和HDL-C之间的差异]）和非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的关系。正如预期的那样，少数民族妇女的大多数心血管疾病风险因素高于白色妇女。在调整了多年的教育之后，黑人和墨西哥裔美国妇女与白色妇女相比，在血压、BMI、身体活动不足和糖尿病方面仍然存在非常显著的差异（P
Context.-Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors are higher among ethnic minority women than among white women in the United States. However, because ethnic minority women are disproportionately poor, socioeconomic status (SES) may substantially explain these risk factor differences.Objective.-To determine whether differences in CVD risk factors by ethnicity could be attributed to differences in SES.Design.-Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 1988 and 1994.Setting.-Eighty-nine mobile examination centers.Participants.-A total of 1762 black, 1481 Mexican American, and 2023 white women, aged 25 to 64 years, who completed both the home questionnaire and medical examination.Main Outcome Measures.-Ethnicity and years of education (SES) in relation to systolic blood pressure, cigarette smoking, body mass index (BMI, a measure of weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters), physical inactivity, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C [the difference between total cholesterol and HDL-C]), and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.Results.-As expected, most CVD risk factors were higher among ethnic minority women than among white women. After adjusting for years of education, highly significant differences in blood pressure, BMI, physical inactivity, and diabetes remained for both black and Mexican American women compared with white women (P