Microdialysis Studies of Brain Norepinephrine, Serotonin, and Dopamine Release During Ingestive Behavior Theoretical and Clinical Implications a
Microdialysis Studies of Brain Norepinephrine, Serotonin, and Dopamine Release During Ingestive Behavior Theoretical and Clinical Implications a
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1989.tb53242.x
复制
发表时间：
1989-12
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
B. Hoebel;L. Hernandez;D. Schwartz;G. P. Mark;G. Hunter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Hoebel;L. Hernandez;D. Schwartz;G. P. Mark;G. Hunter
这篇小综述涉及单胺在摄食和摄食障碍中的可能作用。引言概述了早期局部药物注射和选择性神经毒素的研究结果，这些研究提供了单胺可以影响食物摄入和体重的药理学证据。总结这些证据的表格用于列出可能引起厌食或食欲过盛的单胺变化。很明显，单胺及其共递质的异常沿着可引起多种形式的摄食障碍。作为一个工作假设，几种导致肥胖的暴食症有一个共同的因素。这一共同因素是下丘脑外侧强化系统兴奋性的变化，表现在刺激结合摄食部位的自我刺激中。了解这种进食的奖赏-厌恶系统有助于我们理解暴食和厌食。奖赏和厌恶的神经化学涉及单胺。本文重点介绍多巴胺和5-羟色胺。这些数据支持这一假设，即多巴胺系统投射到中脑腹侧被盖区（VTA）的丘脑核和其他前脑区是重要的方法和积极的强化摄食行为和自我刺激。5-羟色胺被假设为促进饱腹感和抑制下丘脑中的进食奖励。下一节摘要我们最近的实验，测量在摄食行为和自我刺激的药理学和生理学释放的单胺在下丘脑和丘脑核。自由活动大鼠的在体微透析实验表明：（1）在昼夜节律周期的活跃进食期，室旁核释放去甲肾上腺素。(2)有食物时，5-羟色胺代谢产物5-HIAA在PVN中也同时增加。(3)通过反向透析将安非他明注入外侧下丘脑（LH）增加突触多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素和5-羟色胺。(4)厌食药物d-芬氟拉明增加了LH中的突触5-羟色胺，也增加了多巴胺代谢产物DOPAC，这表明LH中的5-羟色胺和多巴胺可能有助于芬氟拉明诱导的饱腹感。局部d-芬氟拉明注射到LH或通过反向透析局部输注再次增加5-羟色胺和降低5-HIAA，并干扰局部多巴胺代谢，反映在DOPAC和HVA降低。(5)色氨酸，一种血清素前体，以厌食剂量全身给药，增加LH中的细胞外血清素，但这种作用仅在食物剥夺的大鼠中检测到。这似乎与pH无关（在5.8和8之间）。其他阳离子通过CFo的通道被严格抑制（即使在pH 8和培养基中含有300 mM NaCl）。（400字处截断摘要）
This minireview deals with the possible roles of monoamines in feeding and feeding disorders. The introduction sketches the results of earlier studies with local drug injections and selective neurotoxins which provided pharmacological evidence that monoamines can influence food intake and body weight. A table summarizing this evidence is used to list monoamine changes that could underlie anorexia or hyperphagia. It is apparent that abnormalities in the monoamines, along with their cotransmitters, could cause many forms of feeding disorder. It is proposed as a working hypothesis that several varieties of hyperphagia leading to obesity have a common element. This common factor is a change in excitability of a lateral hypothalamic reinforcement system as manifested in self-stimulation at a stimulation-bound feeding site. Understanding this feeding reward-aversion system helps us understand hyperphagia and anorexia. The neurochemistry of reward and aversion involves the monoamines. This paper focuses on dopamine and serotonin. The data support the hypothesis that dopamine systems projecting to the nucleus accumbens and other forebrain areas from the mid-brain ventral tegmental area (VTA) are important for approach and positive reinforcement in ingestive behavior and self-stimulation. Serotonin is hypothesized to facilitate satiety and inhibition of feeding reward in the hypothalamus. The next section abstracts our recent experiments that measured pharmacological and physiological release of the monoamines in the hypothalamus and nucleus accumbens during ingestive behavior and self-stimulation. In vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats suggested the following: (1) Norepinephrine was released in the paraventricular nucleus during the active, feeding period of the circadian cycle. (2) The serotonin metabolite 5-HIAA also increased in the PVN at the same time if there was food to eat. (3) Amphetamine infused into the lateral hypothalamus (LH) by reverse dialysis increased synaptic dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. (4) The anorectic drug d-fenfluramine increased synaptic serotonin in the LH and also increased the dopamine metabolite DOPAC, suggesting that serotonin and dopamine in the LH might contribute to fenfluramine-induced satiety. Local d-fenfluramine injection into the LH or local infusion by reverse dialysis again increased serotonin and decreased 5-HIAA and interfered with local dopamine metabolism as reflected in decreased DOPAC and HVA. (5) Tryptophan, a serotonin precursor, given systemically at an anorectic dose, increased extracellular serotonin in the LH, but this effect was only detectable in food-deprived rats. This was seemingly pH independent (between 5.8 and 8). The passage other cations through CFo is strictly suppressed (even at pH 8 and with 300 mM NaCl in the medium).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)