Evaluation of yield loss in field sorghum from a C3 and C4 weed with increasing CO2
Evaluation of yield loss in field sorghum from a C3 and C4 weed with increasing CO2
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DOI：
10.1614/ws-03-002r
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发表时间：
2003-12
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Ziska
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Ziska
摘要矮秆高粱(C4)是在大气二氧化碳浓度为250molCO2(高于环境)和有无C3杂草(天鹅绒草)和C4杂草(根菜)的条件下种植的，以量化大气二氧化碳浓度[−]升高对杂草-作物相互作用和潜在作物损失的潜在影响。在无杂草环境中，与环境CO2条件相比，增加[CO2]会显著增加高粱的叶重和叶面积，但对种子产量或地上总生物量没有显著影响。在环境[CO2]条件下，天鹅绒对高粱种子产量和地上总生物量均无显著影响，但在[CO2]浓度升高时，产量和生物量损失显著。高粱产量和生物量的额外损失与鹅绒草生物量的显著(三倍)增加有关，以响应[CO2]的增加。在环境[CO2]条件下，高粱地上总生物量显著下降，但种子产量没有明显下降。然而，随着[CO2]的增加，高粱种子产量和总生物量在高粱-重根猪草竞争中都有显著的损失。[CO2]的增加与反根猪草生物量的显著增加无关(P=0.17)。这些结果表明，随着大气[CO2]浓度的增加，广泛种植的C4作物在杂草竞争中可能会有更大的产量损失。命名：矮生高粱、双色高粱。高粱、高粱、双色高粱、天鹅绒、麻疯草。
Abstract Dwarf sorghum (C4) was grown at ambient and at projected levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (250 mol mol−1 above ambient) with and without the presence of a C3 weed (velvetleaf) and a C4 weed (redroot pigweed), to quantify the potential effect of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] on weed–crop interactions and potential crop loss. In a weed-free environment, increased [CO2] resulted in a significant increase in leaf weight and leaf area of sorghum but no significant effect on seed yield or total aboveground biomass relative to the ambient CO2 condition. At ambient [CO2] the presence of velvetleaf had no significant effect on either sorghum seed yield or total aboveground biomass; however, at elevated [CO2], yield and biomass losses were significant. The additional loss in sorghum yield and biomass was associated with a significant (threefold) increase in velvetleaf biomass in response to increasing [CO2]. Redroot pigweed at ambient [CO2] resulted in significant losses in total aboveground biomass of sorghum but not in seed yield. However, as [CO2] increased, significant losses in both sorghum seed yield and total biomass were observed for sorghum–redroot pigweed competition. Increased [CO2] was not associated with a significant increase in redroot pigweed biomass (P = 0.17). These results indicate potentially greater yield loss in a widely grown C4 crop from weedy competition as atmospheric [CO2] increases. Nomenclature: Dwarf sorghum, Sorghum bicolor cv. ‘Martin,’ redroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. AMARE; sorghum, Sorghum bicolor L. Moench; velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medicus ABUTH.