The role of feasibility and desirability considerations in near and distant future decisions: A test of temporal construal theory
The role of feasibility and desirability considerations in near and distant future decisions: A test of temporal construal theory
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.75.1.5
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发表时间：
1998-07-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Trope, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liberman, N;Trope, Y
时间解释理论指出，与近期的情况相比，遥远未来的情况在更高的层次上被解释（即使用更抽象和中心的特征）。因此，该理论表明，与高水平解释相关的价值随着延迟而增强，而与低水平解释相关的价值随着延迟而降低。在目标导向的活动中，活动最终状态的可取性代表高级解释，而实现该最终状态的可行性则代表低级解释。研究1发现，远未来活动比近未来活动在更高的层次上被解释。研究2和3表明，与有关近期活动的决策相比，有关遥远未来活动的决策更多地受到最终状态的可取性的影响，而较少受到实现最终状态的可行性的影响。研究4让学生们在现实生活中选择不同难度（可行性）和兴趣（可取性）的学术作业。在选择远期作业时，学生相对更看重作业的趣味性，而在选择近期作业时，他们相对更看重作业的难度。研究5发现，与近期计划相比，远期计划与活动的可取性有关，而与时间限制无关。
Temporal construal theory states that distant future situations are construed on a higher level (i.e., using more abstract and central features) than near future situations. Accordingly, the theory suggests that the value associated with the high-level construal is enhanced over delay and that the value associated with the low-level construal is discounted over delay.In goal-directed activities, desirability of the activity's end state represents a high-level construal, whereas the feasibility of attaining this end state represents a low-level construal. Study 1 found that distant future activities were construed on a higher level than near future activities. Studies 2 and 3 showed that decisions regarding distant future activities, compared with decisions regarding near future activities, were more influenced by the desirability of the end state and less influenced by the feasibility of attaining the end state. Study 4 presented students with a real-life choice of academic assignments varying in difficulty (feasibility) and interest (desirability). In choosing a distant future assignment, students placed relatively more weight on the assignment's interest, whereas in choosing a near future assignment, they placed relatively more weight on difficulty. Study 5 found that distant future plans, compared with near future plans, were related to desirability of activities rather than to time constraints.