Learned conspecific mate preference in a species pair of sticklebacks
Learned conspecific mate preference in a species pair of sticklebacks
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arp134
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Boughman, Janette W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kozak, Genevieve M.;Boughman, Janette W.
物种间的性隔离往往取决于对同种配偶的偏好。最近的模型表明，同种偏好是由遗传决定的还是后天习得的，都会影响物种形成的过程：后天习得的同种偏好可能会使物种形成更有可能。然而，我们对同种偏好被学习的频率和种类知之甚少。一些物种通过在同种上留下印记来学习同种偏好；其他人则从异性恋的经验中学习。即使一种性别学会了同种偏好，另一种性别可能不会。我们测试了两种表现出强烈性隔离的三棘棘鱼（底栖和limnetics: Gasterosteus spp.）的雄性和雌性是否通过社会经验习得了同种配偶偏好。我们饲养了大部分同种或大部分异种的鱼，并测量了这种经历如何影响同种偏好。在两性中，经历增强了同性配偶偏好，但两性在结果上有所不同。雌性通过与同种生物的接触，学会了偏爱自己的物种；男性通过异性恋的经历学会了区别对待。我们还发现，与社会性差异相关的社会经验的影响存在物种差异。我们的研究结果表明，习得的同种配偶偏好可能促进了棘鱼在更新世后辐射中的快速物种形成。
Sexual isolation between species often depends on preferences for conspecific mates. Recent models suggest that whether conspecific preference is determined genetically or learned will affect the process of speciation: Learned conspecific preferences might make speciation more likely. However, we understand little about how often and for which taxa, conspecific preferences are learned. Some species learn conspecific preference by imprinting on conspecifics; others learn from experience with heterospecifics. Even when one sex learns conspecific preference, the other may not. We tested whether conspecific mate preference is learned through social experience in males and females from 2 three-spined stickleback species that show strong sexual isolation (benthics and limnetics: Gasterosteus spp.). We reared fish with either mostly conspecifics or mostly heterospecifics and measured how this experience affected conspecific preference. In both sexes, experience enhanced conspecific mate preference but the sexes differed in the outcome. Females learned to prefer their own species through experience with conspecifics; males learned to discriminate through experience with heterospecifics. We also found species differences in the effect of social experience related to differences in sociality. Our results suggest that learned conspecific mate preference may have facilitated rapid speciation in the post Pleistocene radiation of sticklebacks.