A Randomness Perspective on Intelligence Processes
A Randomness Perspective on Intelligence Processes
复制标题
情报过程的随机性视角
DOI：
10.31234/osf.io/zarnk
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
I. Partchev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Inhan Kang;P. De Boeck;I. Partchev
我们使用扩散 IRT 模型研究智力过程，认知模型参数具有随机变异性：漂移率的变异性（信息积累朝向正确或不正确反应的趋势）和起点的变异性（信息积累的起点）。随机变化涉及人-项目对之间的随机性，不能用个体和项目间差异来解释。有趣的是，这些模型解释了先前认知能力测试研究中发现的响应准确性和响应时间之间的条件依赖性，使我们对智力过程形成了随机性观点。对于实证测试，我们使用具有不同变异性假设的扩散 IRT 模型分析了言语类比数据和矩阵推理数据。结果表明：1）具有随机变异性的模型比不具有随机变异性的模型拟合得更好，这对两种类型的任务中的条件依赖性都有影响； 2）对于言语类比，漂移率似乎存在随机变化，这可以通过逐项词语知识差异来解释； 3）对于两种类型的任务，还根据任务的归纳性质建立了起点变化，需要顺序假设检验过程。最后，漂移率和 SAT 的个体差异的相关性表明，当受访者具有较高的认知能力并且任务是一项值得投入时间的任务时，他们会选择关注准确性而不是速度。这似乎主要适用于矩阵推理，而较少适用于语言类比。
We study intelligence processes using a diffusion IRT model with random variability in cognitive model parameters: variability in drift rate (the trend of information accumulation toward a correct or incorrect response) and variability in starting point (from where the information accumulation starts). The random variation concerns randomness across person-item pairs and cannot be accounted for by individual and inter-item differences. Interestingly, the models explain the conditional dependencies between response accuracy and response time that are found in previous studies on cognitive ability tests, leading us to the formulation of a randomness perspective on intelligence processes. For an empirical test, we have analyzed verbal analogies data and matrix reasoning data using diffusion IRT models with different variability assumptions. The results indicate that 1) models with random variability fit better than models without, with implications for the conditional dependencies in both types of tasks; 2) for verbal analogies, random variation in drift rate seems to exist, which can be explained by person-by-item word knowledge differences; and 3) for both types of tasks, the starting point variation was also established, in line with the inductive nature of the tasks, requiring a sequential hypothesis testing process. Finally, the correlation of individual differences in drift rate and SAT suggests a meta-strategic choice of respondents to focus on accuracy rather than speed when they have a higher cognitive capacity and when the task is one for which investing in time pays off. This seems primarily the case for matrix reasoning and less so for verbal analogies.
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影响因子：
7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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