Outstanding circulation research by Japanese scientists
Outstanding circulation research by Japanese scientists
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日本科学家杰出的循环研究
DOI：
10.1007/s00540-011-1282-5
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
S. Saito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Saito
麻黄碱是中药中的一种活性成分，发现于草本植物<e:1> huáng（麻黄）中。在麻醉学家中，这种药物是一种众所周知的拟交感神经胺，通常用于治疗与神经阻滞和麻醉相关的低血压。内科医生将麻黄碱分为支气管扩张剂、减充血剂和食欲抑制剂。Nagayoshi Nagai于1885年首次从麻黄中分离出麻黄碱。Nagai认为麻黄碱是这种植物的活性成分。虽然永井本人没有详细研究这种物质的生物作用，但他的追随者在1929年完成了麻黄碱的合成和结构解析。永井永井出生于德岛县，父亲是一名传统医生。1864年，他有机会在长崎的德国医学院（Igaku-Denshusho）学习西医。在明治时代早期激烈的文化变革中，永井继续在东京帝国大学学习。他成为日本第一位药学博士，并在政府资助下被送往柏林大学。1873年，他在柏林的威廉·冯·霍夫曼（Wilhelm von Hofmann）实验室担任助理时，完成了丁香酚研究的博士学位。永井永井于1883年回到日本，并在东京帝国大学获得职位，1893年成为化学和药学教授。在麻黄碱的分离后，他的研究重点是各种日本和中国传统草药[2]的化学提取和分析。永井永井创立了日本药学会（PSJ），并成为其首任会长。为了纪念他对日本化学和制药科学的成就和贡献，他仍然被称为这个领域的“父亲”。永井的雕像可以在PSJ办公楼的入口大厅和德岛大学看到（图1）。他的名字仍然在麻黄碱安瓿的标签上，以纪念他的名字。
Ephedrine is an active constituent of traditional Chinese medicines found in the herb má huáng (Ephedra sinica). Among anesthesiologists, this medicine is well known as a sympathomimetic amine commonly used to treat the hypotension associated with nerve blocks and anesthesia. Doctors in the field of internal medicine variably categorize ephedrine as a bronchodilator, decongestant, or appetite suppressant. Nagayoshi Nagai first isolated ephedrine from Ephedra vulgaris in 1885. Nagai recognized ephedrine as being the active component of the plant. Although Nagai himself did not study the biological action of this substance in detail, his followers completed the synthesis and structural elucidation of ephedrine in 1929 [1]. Nagai was born in Tokushima Prefecture as the son of a traditional medical doctor. He had the opportunity to learn about Western medicine (known in Japanese as rangaku) at the German Medical School of Nagasaki (Igaku-Denshusho) in 1864. Amidst the drastic cultural changes of the early Meiji-era, Nagai continued his studies at Tokyo Imperial University. He became the first doctor of pharmacy in Japan and was sent to the University of Berlin under government sponsorship. In Berlin, he completed a doctorate in 1873 with a study on eugenol, while working as an assistant in August Wilhelm von Hofmann’s laboratory. Nagai returned to Japan in 1883 and obtained a position at Tokyo Imperial University, where he became a Professor of Chemistry and Pharmacy in 1893. After the isolation of ephedrine, his research focused on the chemical extraction and analysis of various Japanese and Chinese traditional herbal medicines [2].Nagai established the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (PSJ) and became its first president. In honor of his achievements and contributions to Japanese Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, he is still known as the ‘‘father’’of this field. Statues of Nagai can be seen in the entrance hall of the PSJ office building and at Tokushima University (Fig. 1). His name is still on the label on the ampoules of ephedrine to commemorate his name.
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
YANAGISAWA, M;KURIHARA, H;MASAKI, T
通讯作者：
MASAKI, T