The Genomes of Two Bat Species with Long Constant Frequency Echolocation Calls
The Genomes of Two Bat Species with Long Constant Frequency Echolocation Calls
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具有长恒定频率回声定位呼叫的两种蝙蝠的基因组
DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msw231
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Zhang, Shuyi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dong, Dong;Lei, Ming;Zhang, Shuyi
蝙蝠可以通过多种感官系统来感知世界，其中一些系统已经变得高度专业化，例如听觉感官知觉。在蝙蝠物种中，旧世界叶鼻蝠和马蹄蝠（鼻蝠）拥有最复杂的回声定位系统。在这里，我们报道了两种犀牛蝠——大叶鼻蝠（Hipposideros armiger）和中华菊头蝠（Rhinolophus sinicus）的全基因组测序和从头组装。比较基因组分析揭示了鼻蝠谱系中听觉感知的适应性，这可能是由于这些蝙蝠在听觉处理中使用的极端选择性造成的。在鼻蝠中观察到一些与视觉相关的基因的假基因化，表明这些基因经历了宽松的自然选择。在导致蝙蝠共同祖先的谱系中观察到嗅觉受体基因库的广泛收缩。在导致鼻蝠的分支中可以观察到进一步广泛的基因收缩。这种一致性表明，一种感觉基因的分子变化可能对控制其他感觉方式的基因产生直接影响。为了表征种群遗传结构和进化模式，我们对来自中国四个不同地理位置的 20 只大叶鼻蝠的基因组进行了重新测序。结果显示群体之间序列多样性值相似并且差异很小。此外，还观察到大叶鼻蝙蝠对高海拔地区进行遗传适应的证据。总而言之，我们的工作为未来研究蝙蝠的进化提供了有用的资源。
Bats can perceive the world by using a wide range of sensory systems, and some of the systems have become highly specialized, such as auditory sensory perception. Among bat species, the Old World leaf-nosed bats and horseshoe bats (rhinolophoid bats) possess the most sophisticated echolocation systems. Here, we reported the whole-genome sequencing and de novo assembles of two rhinolophoid bats—the great leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros armiger) and the Chinese rufous horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus sinicus). Comparative genomic analyses revealed the adaptation of auditory sensory perception in the rhinolophoid bat lineages, probably resulting from the extreme selectivity used in the auditory processing by these bats. Pseudogenization of some vision-related genes in rhinolophoid bats was observed, suggesting that these genes have undergone relaxed natural selection. An extensive contraction of olfactory receptor gene repertoires was observed in the lineage leading to the common ancestor of bats. Further extensive gene contractions can be observed in the branch leading to the rhinolophoid bats. Such concordance suggested that molecular changes at one sensory gene might have direct consequences for genes controlling for other sensory modalities. To characterize the population genetic structure and patterns of evolution, we re-sequenced the genome of 20 great leaf-nosed bats from four different geographical locations of China. The result showed similar sequence diversity values and little differentiation among populations. Moreover, evidence of genetic adaptations to high altitudes in the great leaf-nosed bats was observed. Taken together, our work provided a useful resource for future research on the evolution of bats.