Faster Replacement Paths and Distance Sensitivity Oracles
Faster Replacement Paths and Distance Sensitivity Oracles
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更快的替换路径和距离敏感性预言机
DOI:
10.1145/3365835
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
1.3
通讯作者:
Williams, Virginia Vassilevska
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Grandoni, Fabrizio;Williams, Virginia Vassilevska
Shortest paths computation is one of the most fundamental problems in computer science. An important variant of the problem is when edges can fail, and one needs to compute shortest paths that avoid a (failing) edge. More formally, given a source nodes, a target nodet, and an edgee, areplacement pathfor the triple (s,t,e) is a shortests-tpath avoiding edgee. Replacement paths computation can be seen either as a static problem or as a data structure problem. In the static setting, a typical goal is to compute for fixedsandt, for every possible failed edgee, the length of the best replacement path arounde(replacement paths problem). In the data structure setting, a typical goal is to design a data structure (distance sensitivity oracle) that, after some preprocessing,quicklyanswers queries of the form: What is the length of the replacement path for the triple (s,t,e)?In this article, we focus onn-node directed graphs with integer edge weights in [−M,M], and present improved replacement paths algorithms and distance sensitivity oracles based on fast matrix multiplication. In more detail, we obtain the following main results:• We describe a replacement paths algorithm with runtime Õ(Mnω), where ω < 2.373 is the fast matrix multiplication exponent. For a comparison, the previous fastest algorithms have runtime õ(Mn1+2ω /3) [Weimann,Yuster—FOCS’10] and, in the unweighted case, õ(n2.5) [Roditty, Zwick—ICALP’05]. Our result shows that, at least for small integer weights, the replacement paths problem in directed graphs may be easier than the related all-pairs shortest paths problem, as the current best runtime for the latter is õ(M1\4−ωn2+1 \ 4−ω): this is Ω (n2.5) even if ω = 2. Our algorithm also implies that thekshortest simples-tpaths can be computed in õ(kMnω) time.• We consider thesingle-sourcegeneralization of the replacement paths problem, where only the sourcesis fixed. We show how to solve this problem in all-pairs shortest paths time, currently õ(M1\4−ωn2+1\4−ω). Our runtime reduces to õ(Mnω) for positive weights, hence matching our mentioned result for the simpler replacement paths case (that, however, holds also for nonpositive weights). One of the ingredients that we use is an algorithm to compute the distances from a setsof source nodes to a setTof target nodes in õ(Mnω+|S|ṡ |T|ṡ (Mn)1\4−ω) time. This improves on a result in Yuster,Zwick—FOCS’05.• We present the first distance sensitivity oracle that achieves simultaneously subcubic preprocessing time and sublinear query time. More precisely, for a given parameter α ∈ [0,1], our oracle has preprocessing time Õ(Mnω + 1\ 2+Mnω + α (4−ω)) and query time Õ(n1−&alpha). The previous best oracle for small integer weights has Õ(Mnω +1−α) preprocessing time and (superlinear) Õ(n1+α) query time [Weimann,Yuster-FOCS’10]. From a technical point of view, an interesting and novel aspect of our oracle is that it exploits as a subroutine our single-source replacement paths algorithm. We also present an oracle with the same preprocessing time as in Weimann,Yuster—FOCS’10 and with smaller query time õ(n1−1−α\4−ω+n2α).
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DOI:
--
发表时间:
2017
期刊:
ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms
影响因子:
--
作者:
Gregory Bodwin;M. Dinitz;M. Parter;V. V. Williams
通讯作者:
V. V. Williams
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2008
期刊:
TALG
影响因子:
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作者:
Y. Emek;D. Peleg;L. Roditty
通讯作者:
L. Roditty
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2009
期刊:
ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms
影响因子:
--
作者:
Ran Duan;Seth Pettie
通讯作者:
Seth Pettie
DOI:
--
发表时间:
--
期刊:
影响因子:
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作者:
Amit M. Bhosle
通讯作者:
Amit M. Bhosle
DOI:
--
发表时间:
2010
期刊:
ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms
影响因子:
--
作者:
V. V. Williams
通讯作者:
V. V. Williams