Tonic ATP-mediated growth suppression in peripheral nerve glia requires arrestin-PP2 and is evaded in NF1.

Tonic ATP-mediated growth suppression in peripheral nerve glia requires arrestin-PP2 and is evaded in NF1.
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DOI:
10.1186/s40478-018-0635-9
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发表时间:
2018-11-23
影响因子:
7.1
通讯作者:
Ratner N
Ratner N
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Coover RA;Healy TE;Guo L;Chaney KE;Hennigan RF;Thomson CS;Aschbacher-Smith LE;Jankowski MP;Ratner N

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正常的雪旺细胞(SC)在成年神经中处于静止状态,此时ATP以活动依赖的方式从神经中释放。我们发现,抑制成年神经的神经活动导致SC进入细胞周期。在体外,ATP激活SC G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)P2 Y2。在P2 Y2的下游,β-抑制蛋白介导的信号传导导致PP 2介导的AKT去磷酸化,并且PP 2活性是SC生长抑制所必需的。NF 1缺陷SC显示ATP的生长抑制降低,并且对β-抑制蛋白介导的信号传导的作用具有抗性,包括PP 2介导的AKT去磷酸化。在患有1型神经纤维瘤病的患者中,NF 1突变的SC增殖并形成称为神经纤维瘤的SC肿瘤。体内ATP水平升高可降低神经纤维瘤细胞增殖。因此,分化的成人周围神经的低增殖特征可能需要持续的、神经活动依赖性的ATP。此外,我们确定了一种机制,通过这种机制,NF 1 SC可以逃避神经肿瘤的生长抑制。本文的在线版本(10.1186/s40478-018-0635-9)包含补充材料,可供授权用户使用。
Normal Schwann cells (SCs) are quiescent in adult nerves, when ATP is released from the nerve in an activity dependent manner. We find that suppressing nerve activity in adult nerves causes SC to enter the cell cycle. In vitro, ATP activates the SC G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) P2Y2. Downstream of P2Y2, β-arrestin-mediated signaling results in PP2-mediated de-phosphorylation of AKT, and PP2 activity is required for SC growth suppression. NF1 deficient SC show reduced growth suppression by ATP, and are resistant to the effects of β-arrestin-mediated signaling, including PP2-mediated de-phosphorylation of AKT. In patients with the disorder Neurofibromatosis type 1, NF1 mutant SCs proliferate and form SC tumors called neurofibromas. Elevating ATP levels in vivo reduced neurofibroma cell proliferation. Thus, the low proliferation characteristic of differentiated adult peripheral nerve may require ongoing, nerve activity-dependent, ATP. Additionally, we identify a mechanism through which NF1 SCs may evade growth suppression in nerve tumors. The online version of this article (10.1186/s40478-018-0635-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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