Objective eye-gaze behaviour during face-to-face communication with proficient alaryngeal speakers: a preliminary study.
Objective eye-gaze behaviour during face-to-face communication with proficient alaryngeal speakers: a preliminary study.
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与熟练的喉音说话者面对面交流时的客观眼睛注视行为：初步研究。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1460-6984.2011.00005.x
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Gallop,Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Evitts,Paul;Gallop,Robert
背景：有大量研究表明，在正常和紊乱的说话人群体中，视觉信息对说话人的可理解性都有影响。目的：调查听话者在与正常说话者、喉部说话者和熟练的喉部说话者面对面交谈时的眼神凝视行为。方法与程序：60名受试者分别与四种说话者(典型的喉、气管食道、食道、电喉；15名受试者随机分配到一种说话模式)进行10分钟的对话。所有的说话者都有85%的人听得懂，并被两名认证的言语语言病理学家判定为“熟练”。参与者被安装了一个头戴式眼睛凝视跟踪设备(Mobile Eye，ASL)，该设备可以计算感兴趣的区域和眼睛凝视的平均持续时间。在谈话结束后，用10厘米的视觉模拟刻度获得了自我报告的凝视行为。结果与结果：在聆听时，参与者比正常或气管食道说话者更多地看到食道说话者的面部下部区域。非等级聚类分析结果显示，在听音过程中，视线主要集中在食道和电喉说话者的下面部，而在正常说话者和气管食道说话者的背景、下面部和眼睛之间分布较为均匀。最后，结果显示，自我报告的眼睛凝视行为与客观感兴趣区域数据之间的相关性较低。结论与暗示：总体而言，结果表明，健康对照组与正常说话者和气管食道说话者交谈时，眼睛凝视行为相似，而参与者与食道说话者交谈时，眼睛凝视模式明显不同。根据现有的眼睛凝视数据及其对听觉-视觉言语知觉的潜在影响对结果进行了讨论。
Background:There is a large body of research demonstrating the impact of visual information on speaker intelligibility in both normal and disordered speaker populations. However, there is minimal information on which specific visual features listeners find salient during conversational discourse.Aims:To investigate listeners’ eye‐gaze behaviour during face‐to‐face conversation with normal, laryngeal and proficient alaryngeal speakers.Methods & Procedures:Sixty participants individually participated in a 10‐min conversation with one of four speakers (typical laryngeal, tracheoesophageal, oesophageal, electrolaryngeal; 15 participants randomly assigned to one mode of speech). All speakers were > 85% intelligible and were judged to be ‘proficient’ by two certified speech–language pathologists. Participants were fitted with a head‐mounted eye‐gaze tracking device (Mobile Eye, ASL) that calculated the region of interest and mean duration of eye‐gaze. Self‐reported gaze behaviour was also obtained following the conversation using a 10 cm visual analogue scale.Outcomes & Results:While listening, participants viewed the lower facial region of the oesophageal speaker more than the normal or tracheoesophageal speaker. Results of non‐hierarchical cluster analyses showed that while listening, the pattern of eye‐gaze was predominantly directed at the lower face of the oesophageal and electrolaryngeal speaker and more evenly dispersed among the background, lower face, and eyes of the normal and tracheoesophageal speakers. Finally, results show a low correlation between self‐reported eye‐gaze behaviour and objective regions of interest data.Conclusions & Implications:Overall, results suggest similar eye‐gaze behaviour when healthy controls converse with normal and tracheoesophageal speakers and that participants had significantly different eye‐gaze patterns when conversing with an oesophageal speaker. Results are discussed in terms of existing eye‐gaze data and its potential implications on auditory–visual speech perception.