Understanding the science–policy nexus in Belgium: An analysis of the drug policy debate (1996–2003)
Understanding the science–policy nexus in Belgium: An analysis of the drug policy debate (1996–2003)
复制标题
了解比利时的科学与政策关系：毒品政策辩论分析（1996-2003）
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tom Decorte
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Julie Tieberghien;Tom Decorte
目的：“循证政策”提出，决策者应该得到科学家的信息，这样政策才能反映准确的事实知识，而不是政治偏见。不幸的是，科学与政策的关系要复杂得多，特别是在一个高度政治化的领域。本文旨在以更有意义的方式理解药物领域政策与科学之间的复杂关系。方法：以比利时药物政策辩论（1996-2003）为案例研究，我们批判性地探讨（科学）知识在这场辩论中的作用。方法包括对提交的文件、听证会和议会/政府报告进行论述分析。调查结果：如何在政策文件中使用的科学知识的检查已经证明了相当强大的利用。然而，决策过程的复杂性不仅涉及科学知识，而且涉及利益、选举野心等，因此，利用往往是次要的。结论：与知识利用模型一致，科学知识只是政策制定过程中的一个要素，其特征首先是相互竞争的价值观和利益。“以证据为基础”的政策原则显然面临重大挑战，因此成为理想与现实之间的微妙平衡。
Aims: ‘Evidence-based policy’ proposes that policy makers should be informed by scientists, so that policy will reflect accurate factual knowledge rather than political biases. Unfortunately, the science–policy nexus is much more complicated, especially in a heavily politicized domain. This article aims to understand the complex relationship between policy and science in the drug field in a more meaningful manner. Methods: Using the Belgian drug policy debate (1996–2003) as a case study, we critically explore the role of (scientific) knowledge in this debate. The methodology consists of a discourse analysis of submissions, hearings and parliamentary/government reports. Findings: An examination of how scientific knowledge was used in policy documents has demonstrated rather strong utilization. However, utilization was often subordinate to the complexity of the policy-making process involving not only scientific knowledge but also interests, electoral ambitions, etc. Likewise, scientific knowledge was also shaped and distorted by conflicting values and interests. Conclusion: Consistent with the models of knowledge utilization, scientific knowledge has been just one element in the policy making process characterized above all by competing values and interests. The principle of ‘evidence-based’ policy clearly faces significant challenges and therefore becomes a delicate balancing act between ideal and reality.