Brucellosis: review on the recent trends in pathogenicity and laboratory diagnosis.
Brucellosis: review on the recent trends in pathogenicity and laboratory diagnosis.
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DOI：
10.4103/0974-2727.72149
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
1.1
通讯作者：
Ravikumar KL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christopher S;Umapathy BL;Ravikumar KL
布鲁氏菌病是一种人畜共患传染病，通过摄入受感染的食品、直接接触受感染的动物或吸入气溶胶而从动物传播给人类。最后一种方法是非常有效的，因为在人类中建立感染所需的生物体浓度相对较低（10 - 100个细菌），并且重新引起了对这种古老疾病的关注。布鲁氏菌是一种兼性细胞内病原体，能够在吞噬细胞中存活和繁殖，并导致牛流产和人类波浪热。布鲁氏菌属，特别是B。melitensis，B.流产和B. suis代表了一个重要的公共卫生问题。目前，B.在印度，羊种布氏杆菌病是人类布氏杆菌病的主要病因。分子生物学研究表明布鲁氏菌属与土壤杆菌属、苍白杆菌属和根瘤菌属的亲缘关系。人类布鲁氏菌病仍然给科学家和临床医生提出了一些挑战，涉及对其致病机制、严重程度、进展和改进治疗方案的开发的理解。分子研究现在已经强调了布鲁氏菌的发病机制，以开发更新的诊断工具，这将在布鲁氏菌病是一种常见但往往被忽视的疾病的发展中国家有用。本文综述了所有这些问题，特别是致病性和新的诊断工具。
Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection transmitted from animals to humans by the ingestion of infected food products, direct contact with an infected animal or inhalation of aerosols. The last method is remarkably efficient given the relatively low concentration of organisms (10 – 100 bacteria) needed to establish infection in humans, and has brought renewed attention to this old disease. Brucella is a facultative intracellular pathogen that has the ability to survive and multiply in the phagocytes and cause abortion in cattle and undulant fever in humans. Brucella spp particularly B. melitensis, B. abortus, and B. suis represent a significant public health concern. At present, B. melitensis is the principle cause of human brucellosis in India. Molecular studies have demonstrated the phylogenetic affiliation of Brucella to Agrobacterium, Ochrobactrum, and Rhizobium. Human brucellosis still presents scientists and clinicians with several challenges, with regard to the understanding of its pathogenic mechanism, severity, progression, and development of improved treatment regimens. Molecular studies have now highlighted the pathogenesis of Brucella, for the development of newer diagnostic tools that will be useful in developing countries where brucellosis is a common, but often a neglected disease. This review compiles all these issues in general and the pathogenicity and newer diagnostic tools in particular.