Risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among persons with severe mental illnesses
Risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among persons with severe mental illnesses
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DOI：
10.1016/s0272-7358(97)00019-6
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Kalichman, SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carey, MP;Carey, KB;Kalichman, SC
被诊断患有严重精神疾病的个人感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的风险显着增加。为了更好地了解这一人群中血清流行率升高的情况，我们回顾了对患有严重和持续性精神疾病的成年人中与艾滋病毒相关的危险行为进行调查的研究文献。该回顾表明，54%-74%的成年人报告说他们在去年有过性行为，大约三分之一的人报告说有两个或更多伴侣。在性活跃的人中，安全套的使用情况不一致。相当少数（4%-35%）的成年人也报告有注射吸毒史。总体而言，数据表明，严重精神疾病患者经常从事已知会增加艾滋病毒传播风险的行为。我们引入并修改了Fisher和Fisher（1992）的理论模型，以组织严重精神疾病成人中与艾滋病毒相关的风险承担的可能决定因素，并鼓励在行为流行病学和风险降低研究的设计中使用该模型。我们还确定了艾滋病毒相关研究的一些方法学挑战，包括与使用自我报告措施相关的问题；诊断不精确；以及参与者的招募和保留。 (C) 1997 爱思唯尔科学有限公司。
Individuals diagnosed with a severe mental illness are at significantly enhanced risk for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To better understand elevated seroprevalence in this population, we review the research literature that has investigated HIV-related risk behavior among adults who have a severe and persistent mental illness, This review indicates that 54%-74% of adults report that they have been sexually active in the last year with approximately one third reporting two or more partners. Among those who were sexually active, condom use was inconsistent. A significant minority (4%-35%) of adults also reported a history of injection drug use. Overall, the data indicate that the severely mentally ill engage regularly in practices known to involve increased risk for HIV transmission. We introduce and modify Fisher and Fisher's (1992) theoretical model to organize the possible determinats of HIV-related risk taking among severely mentally ill adults, and encourage use of this model in the design of behavioral epidemiological and risk reduction studies. We also identify several methodological challenges to HIV-related research, including problems associated with the use of self-report measures; diagnostic imprecision; and participant recruitment and retention. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.