Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Stromal Evolution and Cancer Progression.
Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Stromal Evolution and Cancer Progression.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/4824573
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Laukkanen MO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cammarota F;Laukkanen MO
肿瘤生物学的研究主要集中在恶性上皮癌细胞上，尽管肿瘤也包含一个间质室，它由干细胞、肿瘤相关成纤维细胞（TAFs）、内皮细胞、免疫细胞、脂肪细胞、细胞因子和各种类型的大分子组成细胞外基质（ECM）。在恶性进展过程中，肿瘤间质根据上皮癌细胞的需要逐渐发展，从局部血管通透性增加开始，到结缔组织增生的松散血管化间质ECM的重塑结束。上皮癌细胞与周围微环境的持续双向相互作用允许受损的基质细胞作为癌细胞的营养来源，维持基质更新，从而类似于不愈合的伤口，并影响肿瘤间充质干细胞/基质细胞（MSCs）的特性。虽然MSCs已被证明具有协调肿瘤细胞生长、休眠、迁移、侵袭、转移和耐药等功能，但最近MSCs已成功应用于造血恶性肿瘤的治疗，以增强全身照射-造血干细胞移植治疗的效果。因此，靶向基质因子与常规化疗药物联合使用MSCs来减轻移植物抗宿主病可能为克服癌症治疗失败和疾病复发提供新的策略。
The study of cancer biology has mainly focused on malignant epithelial cancer cells, although tumors also contain a stromal compartment, which is composed of stem cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs), endothelial cells, immune cells, adipocytes, cytokines, and various types of macromolecules comprising the extracellular matrix (ECM). The tumor stroma develops gradually in response to the needs of epithelial cancer cells during malignant progression initiating from increased local vascular permeability and ending to remodeling of desmoplastic loosely vascularized stromal ECM. The constant bidirectional interaction of epithelial cancer cells with the surrounding microenvironment allows damaged stromal cell usage as a source of nutrients for cancer cells, maintains the stroma renewal thus resembling a wound that does not heal, and affects the characteristics of tumor mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). Although MSCs have been shown to coordinate tumor cell growth, dormancy, migration, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance, recently they have been successfully used in treatment of hematopoietic malignancies to enhance the effect of total body irradiation-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapy. Hence, targeting the stromal elements in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics and usage of MSCs to attenuate graft-versus-host disease may offer new strategies to overcome cancer treatment failure and relapse of the disease.