PRIME SUSPECT: AN EXAMINATION OF FACTORS THAT AGGRAVATE AND COUNTERACT CONFIRMATION BIAS IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS
PRIME SUSPECT: AN EXAMINATION OF FACTORS THAT AGGRAVATE AND COUNTERACT CONFIRMATION BIAS IN CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS
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DOI：
10.1037/a0017881
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
O'Brien, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O'Brien, Barbara
确认偏误是通过寻找一致的证据来支持假设，同时尽量减少不一致的证据。在刑事调查中，倾向于假设一致的信息可能会导致调查人员忽视挑战其案件理论的证据，从而破坏准确性。两项研究考察了刑事调查中影响确认偏误的因素。在研究1 （N = 108）中，参与者在回顾一份模拟警察档案时阐明了一个假设，他们在寻找和解释证据以支持该假设方面表现出偏见。在研究2 （N = 109）中，考虑为什么他们的假设可能是错误的参与者表现出较少的偏见，但那些提出额外假设的参与者则没有。讨论了提高调查准确性的意义和对未来研究的建议。
Confirmation bias is the tendency to bolster a hypothesis by seeking consistent evidence while minimizing inconsistent evidence. In criminal investigations, preferring hypothesis-consistent information could undermine accuracy by leading investigators to disregard evidence that challenges their theory of a case. Two studies examine factors that influence confirmation bias in criminal investigations. In Study 1 (N = 108), participants who articulated a hypothesis early in their review of a mock police file showed bias in seeking and interpreting evidence to favor that hypothesis. In Study 2 (N = 109), participants who considered why their hypothesis might be wrong showed less bias, but those who generated additional hypotheses did not. Implications for improving accuracy of investigations and suggestions for future research are discussed.